10. Skin and Soft Tissue Infections

Question 1

Types of skin and soft tissue classifications (2)

Answer 1

Microbe - bacteria, virus, fungi, etc.

Anatomy - superficial, deeper tissue

Question 2

S. aureus structure

Answer 2

Gram-positive coccus

Question 3

S. aureus virulence factor

Answer 3

Panto Valentine Leukocidin toxin (PVL)

Question 4

S. aureus infections (2)

Answer 4

Pyogenic (pus producing - boils, abscesses)
Toxin mediated (toxic shock syndrome, food poisoning)

Question 5

S. pyogenes structure

Answer 5

Gram-positive bacillus

B-haemolytic group A strep

Question 6

S. pyogenes virulence factors (2)

Answer 6

Superantigens

Toxic shock syndrome

Question 7

S. pyogenes infections

Answer 7

Angular cheilitis

Question 8

S. anginosis structure

Answer 8

Gram-positive bacillus

Question 9

S. anginosus virulence factor

Answer 9

Intermedilysin (cytotoxin)

Question 10

S, anginosus infections

Answer 10

Acute dento-alveolar abscesses

Question 11

Example of anaerobe

Answer 11

Clostridium

Question 12

Structure of clostridium

Answer 12

Gram-positive spore forming anaerobe

Question 13

Clostridium virulence factor (one of)

Answer 13

A-toxin (lecithinase)

Question 14

Clostridium infection

Answer 14

C. diff colitis

Question 15

Structure of herpes simplex

Answer 15

Enveloped DNA virus

Question 16

Herpes simplex virulence factor

Answer 16

Cell lysis

Question 17

Herpes simplex infection

Answer 17

Gingival stomatitis

Question 18

C. albicans structure

Answer 18

Yeast cell fungus

Question 19

C. albicans virulence factor

Answer 19

Phospholipase

Question 20

C. albicans infection

Answer 20

Erythematous candidosis

Question 21

Layers of tissue, from skin (5)

Answer 21

Epidermis
Dermis
Hair follicle
Subcutaneous tissue
Fascia
Underlying muscle

Question 22

Examples of epidermis infections (2)

Answer 22

Impetigo

Angular cheilitis

Question 23

Causes of epidermis infections (2)

Answer 23

S. aureus

S. pyogenes

Question 24

Example of dermis infections

Answer 24

Erysipelas

Question 25

Causes of dermis infections (2)

Answer 25

S. aureus

S. pyogenes

Question 26

Examples of hair follicle infections (3)

Answer 26

Folliculitis
Boils (furuncles)
Carbuncles (multiple heads)

Question 27

Cause of hair follicle infections

Answer 27

S. aureus

Question 28

Example of subcutaneous fat infections

Answer 28

Cellulitis

Question 29

Causes of subcutaneous fat infections (2)

Answer 29

S. pyogenes

S. aureus

Question 30

Example of fascia infections

Answer 30

Necrotising fasciitis

Question 31

Causes of fascia infections (2)

Answer 31

Mixture of micro-organisms

S. aureus, S. pyogenes, C. perfringins (gas gangrene)

Question 32

Initial fascia/necrotising fasciitis treatment

Answer 32

Broad-spectrum antibiotics

Question 33

Examples of muscle infections (2)

Answer 33

Myonecrosis

Gangrene

Question 34

Causes of muscle infections

Answer 34

Mixture of micro-organisms

Question 35

Causes of surgical wound infections

Answer 35

S. aureus

Question 36

Clinical presentation of surgical wound infection (4)

Answer 36

Sore
Red
Swollen
Discharge

Question 37

Causes of bite wound infections (2)

Answer 37

Human - mixed anaerobes (including P. gingivalis)

Animals - pasteurella multicoda

Question 38

Treatment principles of skin and soft tissue infections (4)

Answer 38

Diagnosis
Surgical debridement
Antibiotics
Review