2: Tissues Flashcards
It is the outer covering of the skin and some internal organs
Epithelial tissue
Lines body cavities; blood vessels; ducts; and the interiors of the respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems
Epithelial Tissue
This cells are thin, and allows for the rapid passage of substance through them
Squamous cells
This cells are as tall as they are wide and are shaped like cubes or hexagons. They may have microbiology at their apical surface and function in either secretion or absorption
Cuboidal cells
These cells are much taller than they are wide, like columns, and protect underlying tissues. Their apical surfaces may have cilia or microvilli, and they often are specialized for secretion and absorption
Columnar cells
This type of cell tissue is composed of single layer of identical cells
Simple
Types of simple epithelium and description
- Simple Squamous- flat cells
- Simple cuboidal - cube-shaped
- Simple Columnar - rectangular shaped
- Simple ciliated - with fine hair-like processes — CILIA
2 types of stratified epithelium
- Keratinized: dry surface; skin, hair, nails
- Non-keratinized: wet surfaces; lining of mouth, pharynx, esophagus, vagina
This type of epithelium tissue stretches as urine passes
Transitional epithelium
A _________ may consist of one cell or a group of highly specialized epithelial cells that secrete substances into ducts, onto a surface, or into the blood
Gland
This type of glands enter the interstitial fluid and then diffuse into bloodstream without flowing through a duct. These secretions are called hormones
Endocrine glands
This type of glands secrete their products into ducts that empty at the surface jf covering and kining epithelium such as the skin surface or the lumen of a hollow organ
Exocrine glands
This type of glands produces hormones that regulate various body activities
Endocrine glands
This type of glands produces substances such as sweat, oil, earwax, saliva
Exocrine glands
Connective tissue is consists of what two basic elements?
Cells and extracellular matrix
These are large, flat cells with branching processes. They are present in several connective tissues, and usually are the most numerous
Fibroblasts
They are also known as fat cells
Adipocytes
These are phagocytes that develop from monocytes, a type of white blood cell
Macrophages
These are involved in the inflammatory response and also kill bacteria
Mast Cells
These are an important part of the body’s immune response
Plasma cells
______ in the extracellular matrix strengthen and support connective tissue
Fibers
These fibers are very strong and resist pulling forces, but they are not stiff, which promotes tissue flexibility
Collagen fibers
These fibers are smaller in diameter than collagen fibers, branch and join together to form a network within a tissue
Elastic fibers
Consist of collagen and a coating of glycoprotein. They provide support in the walls if blood vessels and form branding networks around fat cells, nerve fibers, and skeletal and smooth muscle cells
Reticular fibers
Component of a connective tissue between the cells and fibers
Ground substance
This type of connective tissues are loosely arranged among the many cells
Loose connective tissue
This type of connective tissue contains more numerous, thicker, and denser fibers
Dense connective tissue
This tissue produces motion, maintains posture, and generates heat
Muscle Tissue
What are the 3 types of muscular tissue
Skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, Smooth muscle
This type of muscle tissue is named for its location. It is usually attached to the bones of the skeleton
Skeletal muscle
This type of muscle tissue forms the bulk of the wall of the heart
Cardiac muscle
This type of muscle tissue is located in the walls of hollow ubternal structures such as blood vessels, airways to the lungs, the stomach, intestines, gallbladder, and urinary bladder
Smooth muscle
This type of tissue gathers and processes information, and it also generates appropriate response signals
Nervous tissue
What are the 2 main parts of nervous tissue
Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System
It is the process that replaces worn-out, damage, or dead cells
Tissue repair
What type of tissue has the worst capacity for repair of damaged cells?
Nervous tissue
If fibroblasts need to come in to repair the tissue, they synthesiza materials that aggregate to form scar tissue, a process known as _________
Fibrosis
If fibroblasts need to come in to repair the tissue, they synthesiza materials that aggregate to form scar tissue, a process known as _________
Fibrosis
