2) Developing Tensions up to 1948

Question 1

The Long Telegram

Answer 1

Feb 1946
George Kennan, US ambassador, details the soviet view on capitalism and America (hostile). Believed the wests prosperity would undermine the east and he talks of the US adopting a more active role in Europe. Said USSR policy was aggressive and ideologically driven. Reprinted and sent round America, became a blueprint of future foreign policy.

Question 2

Response to long telegram

Answer 2

the Novikov telegram

Question 3

Iron Curtain speech

Answer 3

March 1946
delivered by Churchill:
England didn’t want to loose Poland
Britain would stand up for themselves
highlighted the need to reduce the USSR’s sphere of influence

Question 4

Manchuria

Answer 4

May 1946
Stalin delays the withdrawal of troops from Manchuria, fear of expansionism

Question 5

Soviets and Iran

Answer 5

Jan-March 1946
Jan- the Iranian government lodge a complaint about soviet interference to the UN council. UN requests for soviet troops to leave Iran but they do not, in march the British remove their own troops and on march 24th the soviets finally agree and their troops are evacuated.

Question 6

Problem in Turkey

Answer 6

peaked in August 1946
Stalin wanted to redraw the Soviet boarder to he would have control of the straits and naval bases in Dardanelley

Question 7

Greek Civil war breaks out

Answer 7

March 1946

Question 8

Truman Doctrine

Answer 8

March 1947
Since Britain could no longer support Greece, Truman speaks to congress and asks for sufficient finance to aid Greece and Turkey against communist influence

Question 9

Soviet tactics for take over of nations

Answer 9

Capitalising on popular support
Red Armies influence
salami
Cominform
Comecon
Warsaw pact

Question 10

Popular support

Answer 10

communism was the opposite of nazi and fascism which made it more popular after the war

Question 11

Salami tactics

Answer 11

divide and conquer, merged parties and had communist gradually assume their positions/roles is governments

Question 12

Cominform

Answer 12

September 1947
As a response to the Marshall plan, a sort of consolidation of communists states, Stalin has more control. A shift in Stalin’s perspective on capitalism, he thought they would destroy each other

Question 13

Comecon

Answer 13

January 1949
A way to control/facilitate the economic recovery of states in the soviet bloc, response to Marshall Plan

Question 14

Warsaw pact

Answer 14

May 1955
a mutual defence treaty in response to the FRD joining NATO
signed by states in under the soviet influence

Question 15

Who was backing the ELAS (Greek communists) in their civil war

Answer 15

Tito