2:4 Muscles of Expiration: Abdominals

Question 1

Abdominal Skeleton (3 Characteristics):

Answer 1

1. Abdominal Aponeurosis
2. Linea Alba (“white line”)
3. Linea Semilunaris

Question 2

Abdominal Aponeurosis:

Answer 2

tendonous expansion across the abdomen which serve as an attachment point for muscles

Question 3

Linea Alba (“white line”):

Answer 3

runs from the xiphoid process to the pubic symphysis

Question 4

Linea Semilunaris:

Answer 4

division of the linea alba into two sheets of aponeurosis

Question 5

Biological Functions of the Abdomen (4):

Answer 5

1. Force air out of the lungs
2. Vomiting
3. Thoracic fixation (closing off the vocal folds) for body lifting and defecation
4. Childbirth

Question 6

Mnemonic for Abdominal Muscles (Expiration):

Answer 6

TIRE-Q

Question 7

Abdominal Muscles (Expiration) -5:

Answer 7

1. Transversus Abdominis
2. Internal Oblique Abdominis
3. Rectus Abdominis
4. External Oblique Abdominis
5. Quadratus Lumborum

Question 8

Transversus Abdominis (describe) and O, I, A?

Answer 8

-Deepest layer of the anterior abdominal muscles

Origin: posterior abdominal wall at the vertebral column

Insertion: transversus abdominis aponeurosis, inner ribs 6-12, and inferior attachment at the pubis

Action: compress abdomen

Question 9

Internal Oblique Abdominis (describe) and O, I, A?

Answer 9

-Found between external oblique and transverse abdominis

Origin: inguinal ligament, iliac crest, the cartilaginous portion of the lower ribs, abdominal aponeurosis

Insertion: linea alba

Action: rotates and flexes trunk, compresses abdomen

Question 10

Rectus Abdominis (describe) and O, I, A?

Answer 10

-Midline muscles on sides of linea alba made up of 3 fibrous bands that cross stomach (6-pack appearance)

Origin: originates as four or five segments at the pubic inferiorly

Insertion: xiphoid process of sternum and cartilage of last true rib (7) and the false ribs

Action: compresses abdomen

Question 11

External Oblique Abdominis (describe) and O, I, A?

Answer 11

-Most superficial and largest of the abdominal muscles

Origin: lower seven ribs

Insertion: iliac crest, inguinal ligament, and abdominal aponeurosis

Action: flexes vertebral column, trunk rotation, compresses abdomen

Question 12

Quadratus Lumborum (describe) and O, I, A?

Answer 12

-Located on the dorsal (back) portion of the abdominal wall.

Origin: iliac crest

Insertion: transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae and inferior border of rib 12

Action: unilateral contraction-lateral movement of trunk; bilateral contraction (2-sided)-abdominal compression