2 Flashcards
_______: concerned with the naming of bacterial organisms and with organizing these names acc to various criteria
- by ______
- science of ______
- from Greek words
- arrangement of order
- law
- to distribute/ govern - these are based on similarities and differences of genotype/ phenotype of organism:
- generic make up
- observable characteristic
TAXONOMY
- CARL VON LINNE
- BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION
- from Greek words
- TAXIS
- NOMOA
- NEMEIN - GENOTYPE
- PHENOTYPE
PARTS OF TAXONOMY:
______: arrangement of organisms into groups or taxa
- based on _____/_____
- by bacteria, archaea, eurkarya
- bysimilar divisions; similarities of DNA and RNA
- similar classes
- similar orders
- similar families
- similar genera
- similar species
- aka - basic group
- subdivided based on phenotypic difference
- based on serologic difference
- based on biochem difference
CLASSIFICATION
- MUTUAL SIMILARITY/ RELATEDNESS
- DOMAIN
- KINGDOM
- DIVISION/ PHYLUM
- CLASS
- ORDER
- FAMILY
- GENUS
- SPECIES
- EPITHET - SUBSPECIES
- SEROTYPE
- BIOTYPE
Classification
1. aureus
2. Staphylococcus
3. Micrococcaceae
4. Eubacteriales
5. Schizomycetes
6. Protophyta
7. Prokaryotae
- species
- genus
- family
- order
- class
- phylum
- kingdom
classification
- 2 kingdom
- by
- inc - 3 kingdom
- by
- inc - 4 kingdom
- by
- inc - 5 kingdom
- by
- inc
- 2 kingdom
- ARISTOTLE
- PLANT, ANIMALS - 3 kingdom
- EARNST HAECKEL
- PLANT, ANIMALS, PROTISTA - 4 kingdom
- HERBERT COPELAND
- PLANT, ANIMALS, PROTISTA (amoebas, diatoms, some unicellular and multicellular eukaryotes)MONERA/ PROKARYOTES (bacteria) - 5 kingdom
- ROBERT WHITTAKER
- PLANT, ANIMALS, PROTISTAMONERA, FUNGI
**protista algae & Protozoa
*** monera/prokaryote - bacteria & archaeams
PARTS OF TAXONOMY:
______: concerned with assignment of names to taxonomic groups in
agreement with published rules
- follows ______ or ______
- Family name»_space;> capitalized and suffix ______
- Binomial
- in print
- in script - neither capitalized nor underlined
- reclassification
- staph (new); micrococcae (old); aureus = ______
NOMECLATURE
- INTERNATIONAL CODE OF NOMENCLATURE OF BACTERIA/ BACTERIOLOGICAL CODE
- -aceae
- ITALIZE
- UNDERLINES
- GROUP
- reclassification
- Staphylococcus (Micrococcus) aureus
PARTS OF TAXONOMY:
______: process of determining that a particular isolate belong to a re-organized taxon
- genetic characteristic example (2)
- phenotypic example (3)
IDENTIFICATION
1.
- DNA BASE COMPOSITION RATIO
- DNA AND RNA BASE SEQUENCE CHARACTERISTIC
2.
- MICROSCOPIC MORPHOLOYGY
- MACROSCOPIC MORPHOLOGY
- STAINING CHARACTERISTIC
MAJOR CHARACTER IN TAXONOMY
1.routine identification of phylogenetic info
2. study of nucleic acid composition and proteins
- Classical characteristics
- Molecular characteristics