1st Nine Weeks Flashcards
how did arkansas get its name
quapaw
highland regions
ozark plateau, arkansas river valley, ouachita mountains
lowland regions
gulf coastal, mississippi alluvial plain, crowley’s ridge
region considered the delta
mississippi alluvial plain
lowest point in AR
felsenthal
highest point in ar
mt magazine
built mounds for worship
mississippian
hunted large animals, like mastodon and wooly mammoth
paleo
had plaza in their housing system
mississippian
nomads
paleo
buried their dead w/care in individual graves
woodland
used the atlatl
archaic
trade greatly increased,!including food and rocks, minerals and salt
woodland
village life for this tribe followed rules and customs established by little old men
osage
lived in southwestern part of arkansas
caddo
lived mainly in missouri and hunted in north western part of arkansas
osage
organized into complex farming society
caddo
close ally to french
quapaw
very aggressive tribe
caddo
lived near saline marshes or springs and made salt for trade
caddo
lived along mississippi river
quapaw
divided into sky people and earth people
osage
counties in AR
75
pontiac’s rebellion causes
- increasing # of colonists moved onto native american land
* British soldiers didnt treat NA the same as french
pontiac rebellion effects
- attacks on both colonists and native americans
* passing or proclamation of 1763 which denied colonists to settle west of appalachians
battle of quebec
- turning point of war
- brits defeated french
- quebec was capital of new france
- b gained control over most of Canada
land claim based on treaty of paris
- brits claimed all of north america east of mississippi
- france gave spain louisiana as reward
- brit gave spain back cuba and philippines in exchange for florida
- ended french power in north america
albany plan of union
- 1st formal proposal to unite the colonies
- grand council would collect taxes, start new settlements, and raise armies
- defeated bc leaders didnt want to give up control of their own affairs
proclamation of 1763
prevented colonists from settling west of appalachians
boston masscre
- mobs taunted brit soldiers caused them to shoot
- 5 colonists were killed including black man crispus attucks
- leading contribution to revolutionary war
- colonists used propoganda to show that it was brits fault and vice versa
stamp act
- imposed tax on documents such as wills,newspapers,cards
- costs $
- colonists didnt want to pay for something previously free
declaratory act
confirmed brit had control over colonies no matter what
townshend act
acts placed on colonists placing taxes on lead, glass, paint, paper, tea
common sense pamplet
- pamplet for independence
- argued monarchies were corrupt
- believed america had its own destiny
- influenced colonists, made them feel part of a greater whole, helped get independence from brit
battle of bunker hill
- inexperienced colonial militia held its own against the most power army in the world
- brits won but lost more men than colonists
- deadliest battle
battle of saratoga
- colonists surprised british
- turning point in war
- 1st major victory for colonists
- other countries changed views and french helped colonists
battle of yorktown
- ended war
- colonists victory shocked the world
- cornwallis surrendered to george washington bc french and colonists had trapped brits at yorktown
Declaration of Independence
1-described rights all men have
2-lists rights violated by king george III and british government
3-declares independence from britain
4-signatures
1787 constitution and bill of rights
- have ability to amend it
* bill of rights for anti-federalists, wanted rights to be stated
virginia plan
bicameral legislature based on state population
new jersey plan
unicameral based on 1 state = 1 vote
compromise of nj and va plans
bicameral congress, house of reps based on va senate based on nj
george washington
president
inaugurated april 30, 1789
john adams
Vice President
john jay
Chief Justice
edmund randolph
attorney general
advise government on legal matters
henry knox
secretary of war
thomas jefferson
secretary of state
alexander hamilton
secretary of treasury
weaknesses of articles of confederation
- congress couldnt collect taxes
- each state had one vote regardless of population
- no executive branch (president)
- no national court system
- 9/13 states needed to agree to pass any law
- lacked national unity
- weak central government
land ordinance of 1785
made land parcels small and affordable
northwest ordinance
set requirements for states
how they are governed
shays rebellion
- highlighted weakness of national government
- farmers in western Massachusetts rose up in protest over increased taxes
- daniel shay les 1200 farmers toward arsenal in springfield
- caused alarm throughout republic
pinckneys treaty
- 1795
* gave americans right to travel on mississippi and port of NOLA
battle of fallen timbers
- washington sent troops to ohio valley
- native americans beat us troops twice
- site was covered w/trees that had been struck down by storm
treaty of greenville
12 tribes gave up most of ohio and indiana
mad anthony
- august 20, 1794
* anthony wayne led us troops against around 2000 NA and won
actions of george washington as president
created 3 executive branches
federalist
supported strong central government
antifederalist
favored state rights
federalism
form of government where power is divided between federal government and state government
two parties formed before 1796 election and their belief
federalist - supporters of hamiltons view believed in strong central government
democratic-republican - supporters of jeffersons view believed strong state government
xyz affair
french began seizing u.s. ships to prevent trade w/british
french sent 3 low level officers and adams referred to them as x y z
whiskey rebellion
whiskey farmers attacked tax collectors bc of increasing taxes
precedent
how similar cases have been decided in the past
alien and sedition acts
- allowed president to deport anyone
* sedition set fines and jail for anyone who makes false statements about government
nullification
state could nullify or consider void, any act of congress they deemed unconstitutional
3 steps of alexander hamiltons financial plan
1- pay off war debts
2- raise government revenues
3- create national bank
americas reaction to French Revolution
supported until it became very violent
