1.a. Need Theories

Question 1

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Answer 1

Pyramid style need hierarchy
Needs - innate and universal
- Motives are inborn
Drives - nonhuman needs
We can’t move on to the next set of needs until the present one is satisfied
Can move back and forth as our needs change
Counts as a developmental theory
- Describes the stages throughout life, starting with the basic needs in childhood
- Takes place over the course of your life

Question 2

1. Physiological needs

Answer 2

basic needs
e.g. breathing, food, water, shelter, clothing, sleep

work - helps provide these things

Question 3

2. Safety & Security

Answer 3

obtaining a secure environment
e.g. health, employment, property, family, social ability

work - money & security

Question 4

3. Love & Belonging

Answer 4

interpersonal factors, desire to be accepted by others
e.g. friendship, family, intimacy, sense of connection

work - community within organization

Question 5

4. Self-Esteem

Answer 5

being respected/noticed for successful or abilities
e.g. confidence, achievement, respect for others, unique to individual

work - praised for achievements at work

Question 6

5. Self-Actualization

Answer 6

reaching your full potential, to be strived for your whole life
e.g. morality, creativity, acceptance, purpose, meaning

work - finding work fulfilling, giving purpose

Question 7

Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory

Answer 7

Variation of Maslow’s theory
Two needs, independent of one another

1. Hygiene needs
2. Motivator needs

Question 8

Herzberg - Hygiene needs

Answer 8

Encompasses physiological & security needs
Eliminates dissatisfaction but does not result in satisfaction or motivation

Question 9

Herzberg - Motivator needs

Answer 9

Encompasses love & belonging, self-esteem & self-actualization needs
Results in motivation & satisfaction

Question 10

Criticism for need theories

Answer 10

• Unclear what they are predicting
• Little support
• Doesn’t focus on processing on the individual’s part