19: Renal Control Of Acid-Base Balance

Question 1

Why must pH remain around 7.4?

Answer 1

PH impacts electrostatic charge interactions needed for protein folding, protein interaction, and drug binding ability to enter cells, etc.

Question 2

What does pK mean for a buffer?

Answer 2

PH at which the buffer has picked up half the H+ it can hold

Question 3

Internal K balance mechanisms for acidemia vs alkalemia

Answer 3

Acidemia: high H is buffered by raising ECF K+
Alkalemia: low H is buffered by lowering ECF K+

Question 4

Increased ventilation does what to the CO2 and pH?

Answer 4

Decreases CO2 + increases pH

Question 5

Two primary changes that will increase H secretion by nephron

Answer 5

1. Decrease in plasma HCO3-

2. Increase in PaCO2

Question 6

Five secondary changes that will increase H secretion by nephrons

Answer 6

1. Increased filtered load of HCO3
2. Decrease in ECF volume
3. Increase in angiotensin II
4. Increase in aldosterone
5. Hypokalemia