19- Parotid Region - week 4 Flashcards
What is the parotid gland ?
Largest salivary gland its Between the mastoid process and ramus of mandible, it Weighs approximately 25gr And its Yellowish and lobulated
Describe the parotid duct ?
Its 5cm long and 5mm in diameter and it Extends horizontally on the masseter muscle.
It Pierces the buccinator muscle, Opens into the oral cavity at the level of the 2nd maxillary molar tooth
What are the borders of the parotid bed ?
• Anterior: Ramus of the mandible, masseter and medial pterygoid
• Posterior: Mastoid process
• Superior: Floor of the external acustic meatus and the zygomatic process of the temporal bone
• Medially: styloid process, posterior belly of digastric muscle, stylohyoid, styloglossus, stylopharyngeus muscles
• Laterally: Superficial layer of parotid fascia and skin
What are the two parts of the capsule of the parotid gland ?
• Superficial part:
Covers the superficial surface Sends septa into the gland Attaches to the zygomatic arch
• Deep part:
Covers anteromedial and posteromedial surfaces Attaches to the styloid process and angle of mandible
What are the 4- surfaces of the parotid gland ?
- Superior surface
- Superficial (lat) surface
- Posteromedial surface
- Anteromedial surf
Where is the superior surface ( base ) of the the parotis gland ?
Its Related to the external acoustic meatus and zygomatic arch. Auriculotemporal nerve is closely related to superior surface.
Where is the superficial surface of the parotis gland ?
Its Covered by skin and superficial fascia Related to lymph nodes, great auricular nerve, post. border of platysma.
Where is the anteromedial surface of the parotis gland ?
Grooved by the post margin of ramus of mandible Covers posterior part of the masseter Facial nerve emerges from the anterior margin of this surface
Where the posteromedial surface of the poratis gland ?
- Its related to the mastoid process, sternocleidomastoid muscle, styloid process and its muscles post belly of digastric.
External carotid artery grooves this surface Internal carotid artery and internal jugular vein are separated from the gland by the styloid process and its muscles.
What are the three structures that transverse the parotid gland ?
• External carotid artery
• Retromandibular vein
• Facial Nerve
Where is the external carotid artery ?
It Enters the gland from the posteromedial surface, it Gives off the maxillary and superficial temporal arteries within the gland. Post auricular branch may also originate from the external carotid a within the gland.
Where is the retromandiblar vein ?
Its Formed by union of the maxillary and superficial temporal veins, it Leaves the gland through the post aspect of the apex.
Its Located superficial to the external carotid artery
As it Joins the posterior auricular vein to form the external jugular vein.
Where is the facial nerve ?
It Enters the gland from the superior part of the posteromedial surface and it Divides into two divisions and these main branches pass forward and downward.
It behind the mandibular ramus where Terminal branches leave the gland by its anteromedial surface.
What are the two vessels of the poratid gland ?
External carotid artery and External jugular vein.
Where is the lymphatics of the parotis gland ?
superficial and deep cervical lymph nodes