18. Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Flashcards
1
Q
What is an abdominal aortic aneurysm?
A
> 3cm dilation of abdominal aorta
Lumen widens due to wall weakness
2
Q
What is the presentation of abdominal aortic aneurysm?
A
Most asymptomatic Distal embolus: 'blue toe syndrome' Leak causes pain in abdomen, flank and back Rupture Fistulation
3
Q
What are the symptoms of AAA rupture?
A
Hypovolaemic shock
Sudden epigastric or back pain
4
Q
What structures can AAA fistulate into?
A
Vena cava or intestines
5
Q
How can an AAA be found on examination?
A
Inspect for pulsations at eye level
Feel for pulsatile mass in 2 planes
Listen for bruit
Examine femoral and popliteal arteries
6
Q
What are the indications for surgery?
A
Rupture Symptomatic >1 cm increase over a year >5.5cm Fistula
7
Q
What does EVAR stand for?
A
Endovascular aneurysm repair
8
Q
Give the steps in open AAA repair
A
3 incisions made Expose AAA Proximal dissection Cross clamping Aortic reconstruction
