Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PHGY 1030 EXAM 3 > 17.Gas Exchange and Transport > Flashcards

17.Gas Exchange and Transport Flashcards

1
Q

What do partial pressure gradients measure?

A

it determines the direction that gas moves in

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is water vapours partial pressure at 37 degrees celsius ?

A

47 mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Remember the Alveolar gas equation

A

go to slide 10 and 11 and practice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Why do we hyperventilate at a higher altitude ?

A

Due to the lack of oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Why do we start feeling more dizzy when we hyperventilate ?

A

Because there is too much CO2 being kicked and barely any O2 going back in

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are two points of gas exchange surface area?

A

-Gas exchange increases with surface area
-Available exchange surface are decreases in diseases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

In partial pressure gradient of gases. The steeper this gradient, the __________the rate of ___________.

A

More rapid, Gas transfer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are two pointers on the thickness of the alveolar capillary interface?

A

-diffusion gradient -opposes gas diffusion
-Worsesns in disease-water,pus,fibrosis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

CO2 is 20x more ____________ than O2

A

diffusible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

In the process of gas exchange, the capillary blood has a high partial pressure of _____.

A

O2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Partial pressure for ____ in capillaries is low

A

CO2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

O2 diffuses from capillaries into _______________ its partial pressure gradient.

A

Tissue down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Does CO2 diffuse in the same or opposite direction as O2 in gas exchange,

A

opposite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Blood leaving systemic capillaries is low in ___ and high in _____

A

O2,CO2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Blue blood returns to the lungs to acquire ___ and release _____ at the pulmonary alveolar/capillary interface.

A

O2,CO2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

In Gas transport, what is O2 bound to ?

A

Hemoglobin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Does Deoxyhemoglobin have oxygen or not ?

A

No oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Does Oxyhemoglobin have oxygen or not?

A

Oxygen bound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Why is it preferred to pick up O2 at the lungs then the tissues?

A

Because the temperature is much lower at the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Is Oxyhemoglbin favorable and is it irreversible or reversible?

A

It is favorable and it is a reversible process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

At what point does hemoglobin combine with oxygen?

A

When oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the pulmonary capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Where does the disassociation of oxyhemoglobin occur?

A

At the tissue cells.

23
Q

Is the disassociation of oxyhemoglobin favoured ?

A

it is favoured becuase as oxygen leaves the systemic capillaries and enters tissue cells

24
Q

Where is the percent Hgb saturation high and the oxygen partial pressure is also high

A

Lungs

25
Q

Where is the percent Hgb saturation low and the oxygen partial pressure is also low

A

Tissue

26
Q

How many molecules of oxygen can each hemoglobin take?

A

4

27
Q

At the alveolar capillary interface, hemoglobin takes up oxygen continuously until _________________________________________________

A

hemoglobin is as saturated as possible

28
Q

Why when hemoglobin dumps oxygen into the blood plasma, why is oxygen less favourable to bind?

A

Because there is lower oxygen tension now.

29
Q

When CO2 is picked top from the tissue cells, what effect does it have on the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen and what effect does it have on oxygen?

A

It decreases the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen and promotes oxygen disassociation from the systemic capillaries and makes oxygen to be less favorable to bind

30
Q

What is the Bohr effect?

A

When there is more oxygen dissocation and when the hemoglobin curve shifts to the right

31
Q

What is most CO2 transported as?

A

Bicarbonate

32
Q

How much percent of transported CO2 is bound to Hemoglobin and how much is dissolved in the plasma?

A

30% is bound and 10% is dissolved

33
Q

The amount of O2 and Co2 dissolved in pulmonary capillary blood is directly proportionally to the ______________ and _______

A

Alveolar PO2 , PCO2

34
Q

What is Hypoxia and what 4 categories are there?

A

Its the condition of having insufficient O2 at the cell level.

-Hypoxic hypoxia
-Anemic hypoxia
-Circulatory hypoxia
-Histotoxic hypoxia

35
Q

What is Hyperoxia? and when can this happen?

A

Condition of having an above normal arterial PO2. this can only occur when breathing supplemental O2

36
Q

Hypoxic

A

-insufficient oxygen supply or uptake
-Inadequate hemoglobin saturation

37
Q

Anemic

A

-Reduced O2 carrying capacity of blood

38
Q

Histotoxic

A

-Cells cannot use delivered O2

39
Q

What is Hypercapnia and what is it caused by?

A

It is the condition of having excess CO2 in arterial blood and it is caused by hypoventilation or it could be someone who is sedated

40
Q

What is Hypocapnia and what is is caused by ?

A

Its below normal arterial PCO2 levels. and it is brought by hyperventilation (anxiety states, fever,aspirin poisoning)

41
Q

What is apnea?

A

Its when you stop breathing temporarily but it is when you are sleeping and you won’t wake up but it affects your body.

42
Q

What is Dyspnea

A

-Difficult breathing

43
Q

What is Eupnea ?

A

-Normal

44
Q

What is Hyperpnea?

A
  • “Big” breaths (e.g. exercise)
45
Q

What is Asphyxia?

A
  • No O2 in tissues - carbon monoxide
46
Q

What is suffocation?

A

-O2 deprivation-airflow cutoff

47
Q

-What is Cyanosis?

A

-Color due to asphyxia/lack of O2

48
Q

What is respiratory arrest ?

A

-Stop breathing-permanent

49
Q

What is hypercapnea?

A

-Too much CO2

50
Q

What is Hyperventilation?

A

-Too little CO2-due to increased alveolar ventilation

51
Q

What is Hypocapnea?

A

-Low CO2

52
Q

What is Hypoventilation?

A

-Too much CO2-due to under-ventilation

53
Q

Circulatory

A

-Blood ( and thus O2) not reaching tissues

PHGY 1030 EXAM 3 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions