17 Oncology Quizzes

Question 1

Define the term neoplasm

Answer 1

Literally meaning new growth, this is the name given to a tumour

Question 2

List TWO common tumour markers and name ONE cancer
indicated for each

Answer 2

CEA - colorectal
CA-125 - ovarian
CA-15-3 - breast
PSA - prostrate
M2 PK - colorectal

Question 3

Describe how radiotherapy works and list TWO adverse effects.

Answer 3

Beam of concentrated radiation that targets rapidly dividing cells to stop them from dividing.
Fatigue
Nausea
Sterility
Burns
Bone marrow depression

Question 4

What is meant by a sarcoma?

Answer 4

Cancer of connective tissue origin

Question 5

What is meant by palliative care?

Answer 5

Care to improve quality of life for terminal cases (pain management, reduction of symptoms)

Question 6

What are para-neoplastic syndromes?

Answer 6

A tumour releases substances that cause secondary disease.
Eg lung cancer releasing ACTH leading to Cushings disease (excess cortisol)

Question 7

Why would a person who is HIV-positive be at a greater risk of developing Kaposi‘s sarcoma*?

* Blood vessel cancer

Answer 7

Due to suppressed immunity, HIV targets immune cells CD4

Question 8

. Why might a cancer patient be more likely to develop an infection?

Answer 8

The immune system is compromised either due to the disease or the (allopathic) treatment of the disease.

Question 9

What is meant by metastasis?

Answer 9

The breaking off of cancerous cells which then travel via blood or lymph to begin to develop tumours other parts of the body.

Question 10

Name the THREE main types of skin cancer

Answer 10

Basal cell carcinoma
Squamous cell carcinoma
Melanomas

Question 11

List FOUR symptoms of breast cancer

Answer 11

Immobile, painless lump
Inverted nipple
Discharge from nipple
Orange peel appearance of skin
Enlargement in axillary lymph nodes

Question 12

What are the risk factors for bladder cancer and what is the most common presenting symptom?

Answer 12

Smoking
Chronic infection, repeated UTIs
Cathertirisation
Asymptomatic haematuria

Question 13

List THREE symptoms of colorectal cancer

Answer 13

Fluctuating bowel habits
Cramping pains
Occult blood in stools

Question 14

What age group is commonly affected by testicular cancer?

Answer 14

15-35

Question 15

Define osteosarcoma. Who is commonly affected by primary
osteosarcomas?

Answer 15

Cancer of the bone, often long bones
Teenages, young adults

Question 16

Name the virus associated with 50% of lymphoma cases

Answer 16

Epstein-Barr Virus

Question 17

Explain what is meant by leukaemia

Answer 17

Cancer of the bone marrow.
Overproduction of leucocytes

Question 18

List THREE symptoms of lung cancer

Answer 18

Blood in sputum
Dry cough
Dyspnoea
Breathlessness

Question 19

List THREE symptoms of pancreatic cancer

Answer 19

Jaundice
Post-prandial nausea
Epigastric pain, radiating to back
Unexplained weight loss

Question 20

What is meant by cachexia?

Answer 20

Weight loss + muscle wasting