Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

SSM > 16-18. Visual system > Flashcards

16-18. Visual system Flashcards

1
Q

In the visual pathway, info is sent to the visual cortex via the optic nerve and the…

A

Lateral geniculate nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

which region is responsible for orientating the eyes/skull towards stimuli?

A

superior colliculus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

type of photoreceptors in peripheral retina?

A

rods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

which type of photoreceptor has the highest convergence?

A

rods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Name of muscle in anterior eye

A

cilliary muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what do the zonule fibres allow

A

for the lens to be stretched

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

which area in the eye has the highest visual acuity?

A

fovea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

where do the blood vessels of the eye originate from?

A

optic disc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what 2 parts are the retina split into?

A

nasal and temporal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

which part of the photoreceptors release NT?

A

pedicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

name 4 retinal cells

A
  1. bipolar
  2. horizontal
  3. ganglion
  4. amacrine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is stereopsis

A

depth perception

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what 2 visual fields do we have? what do each of them mean?

A 
binocular = using both eyes 
monocular = uses 1 eye
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

describe brief visual pathway overview - 3

A
  1. retina
  2. lateral geniculate nucleus of thalamus
  3. primary visual cortex
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

where do visual tracts decussate?

A

optic chiasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

nerve coming from the eye

A

optic nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the full visual field

A

area which is viewed by both eyes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is the full visual field divided into?

A

left and right visual hemi-fields

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is the binocular visual field?

A

area of overlap between right and left hemi-fields

20
Q

what is a fixation point?

A

image which we are focusing on

21
Q

which side of the eye is the nasal retina on?

A

medial

22
Q

describe stereopsis

A

comparing the fixation point (which projects onto the fovea) with other points that lie on the retina

23
Q

will far disparities be closer or further away from the fovea?

A

closer

24
Q

where does the retino-fugal pathway start and stop?

A

starts at retina

stops at striate cortex

25
Q

which component controls pupillary light constriction? - where exactly in the brain is this?

A

pretectum - midbrain

26
Q

where is visual info processed

A

lateral geniculate nucleus of thalamus

27
Q

what is blind sight?

A

visual which is not dependent on the processing from primary visual areas of the cortex

28
Q

which 2 areas of the brain are thought to be used for blind sight>

A
  1. superior colliculus

2. amygdala

29
Q

which brain lobe is the striate cortex located?

A

occipital

30
Q

brodmann’s areas for visual processing- which is the primary visual processing area?

A

17 (v1), 18 and 19

31
Q

in the striate cortex - what is the function of the dorsal stream?

A

motion processing

32
Q

in the striate cortex - what is the function of the ventral stream?

A

visual details, face selective cells

33
Q

which cells do we have more of; rods or cones?

A

rods

34
Q

where are these cells concentrated?

i) rods
ii) cones

A

i) periphery

ii) fovea

35
Q

which photoreceptor detects colour?

A

cones

36
Q

do rod cells have high or low visual acuity?

A

low

37
Q

describe convergence of rods to ganglions

A

high

38
Q

describe convergence of cones to ganglions

A

low

39
Q

in what light setting are rods used?

A

low lighting

40
Q

how many pigments do cones use - what are they?

A

3 - blue red green

41
Q

how many pigments do rods use - what are they?

A

1 - rhodopsin

42
Q

describe wavelength of the following pigments

i) blue
ii) green
iii) red

A

i) short
ii) medium
iii) long

43
Q

which region is responsible for orientating the eyes/head towards a visual stimulus?

A

superior colliculus

44
Q

describe glutamate release and cell polorisation when a photon of light hits a cell

A
  • no release of glutamate

- cell hyperpolarisation

45
Q

what happens to glutamate release and BC activity when:

light inputs onto a photoreceptor directly connected to an ON BC cell

A

decreased glutamate release

BC depolarises - activity increases

46
Q

what happens to glutamate release and BC activity when:

light inputs onto a photoreceptor directly connected to an OFF BC cell

A

decreased glutamate release

BC hyperpolarises - activity decreases

47
Q

describe the highest level of response for on OFF bipolar cell in terms of centre and surround

A

dark in centre

light in surround

SSM (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions