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Cattle Medicine > 16 + 17: Foot Lameness > Flashcards

16 + 17: Foot Lameness Flashcards

1
Q

What is lameness prevalence in cattle?

A

25%

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2
Q

Why is lameness tolerated?

A

Because doesn’t affect milk saleability

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3
Q

What % of lameness related to hoof and claws?

A

90%

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4
Q

Which claw is the problem in hind claws?

A

Lateral

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5
Q

Which claw is the problem in fore-claws?

A

Can be either

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6
Q

How quickly is hoof produced?

A

5mm/month

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7
Q

How long does it take before the horn becomes weight bearing?

A

15 months

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8
Q

What does the perioptic dermis produce?

A

Thin waxy waterproof coat

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9
Q

With what factors can the digital cushion vary

A

Age and BCS (lost in early lactation)

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10
Q

When should you do mobility scoring?

A

On the whole herd, on concrete, every 3 weeks

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11
Q

For how long should you mobility score?

A

6-10 uninterrupted steps from the side and then behind

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12
Q

What does a mobility score of 0 indicate?

A

Good

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13
Q

What does a mobility score of 1 indicate?

A

Impaired, but can’t tell which limb

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14
Q

What does a mobility score of 2 indicate?

A

Impaired, and can tell which limb (examine within 48 hours)

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15
Q

What does a mobility score of 3 indicate?

A

Severe, can’t keep up with herd (examine within 48 hours)

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16
Q

What are some examples of footbath ingredients?

A

Formalin, copper, zinc

17
Q

How big should a footbath be?

A

3m long, cover coronet band, not allow animals to walk on sides

18
Q

How often should you change a footbath?

A

After 1L per cow

19
Q

At what two points should you do routine foot trimming?

A

Drying off and 60 days lactation

20
Q

How often should you do foot trimming?

A

Every 6 months

21
Q

What should toe length be?

A

8.5cm

22
Q

Which horn should you trim more on the hind feet?

A

Lateral, as greatest solar ulcer risk

23
Q

How much of the inner hind claw should you tidy?

A

Back 1/3

24
Q

How much of the outer hind claw should you tidy?

A

Back 2/3

25
Q

What is the problem when treating corkscrew claws?

A

May take several attempts to treat

26
Q

When doing a digit amputation, what joint do you amputate at?

A

Proximal interphalangeal or just above (so removing distal P1)

27
Q

How often do you replace the bandage following digit amputation?

A

Every 3-7 days

28
Q

What are the four factors the healthy feet program controls?

A

Infection pressure, good horn quality, early detection, low forces on feet

29
Q

What is the reservoir for foot conditions?

A

Clinical cases left untreated, inadequate bathing, preventative measured

Cattle Medicine (14 decks)

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