1.5 Sampling and Techniques and Ethics

Question 1

Sampling Frame

Answer 1

A list of all the individuals in the population who could potentially be chosen

Question 2

Goals when choosing a sample to represent a population

Answer 2

to produce data in a way that is designed to answer our questions, individuals in sample are representative of the population, minimize cost

Question 3

Types of Bias

Answer 3

Measurement and Sampling

Question 4

Measurement Bias

Answer 4

self-reporting, wording effects, missing data, anecdotal evidence

Question 5

Types of Sampling Bias

Answer 5

voluntary response and convenience

Question 6

voluntary response sample

Answer 6

samples where people decide whether to respond

Question 7

convenience sampling

Answer 7

only sampling individuals that are convenient

Question 8

Simple Random Sampling

Answer 8

each individual in the population has the same chance of being chosen for the sample

Question 9

systematic (probability) sampling

Answer 9

uses chance to select a sample, based on known selection probabilities

Question 10

stratified sampling

Answer 10

dividing a population into subgroups and them sampling equally from those subgroups

Question 11

cluster sampling

Answer 11

randomly selecting a natural grouping or “cluster” of a population

Question 12

Ethical Considerations

Answer 12

Institutional review board, informed consent, confidentiality vs. anonymity