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PSYC 408 > 15. neurocognitive correlates of change in CBT > Flashcards

15. neurocognitive correlates of change in CBT Flashcards

notable areas of the brain, cognitive model of anx + depr, neurocognitive correlates of change in CBT

1
Q

what’s the PFC?

A

prefrontal cortex

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2
Q

purpose of the PFC + category

what therapy targets this part of the brain?

A
  • high order functioning
  • reasoning, planning

CBT

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3
Q

what’s the ACC?

A

anterior cingulate cortex

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4
Q

what’s the purpose of the ACC + category?

A
  • connects higher + lower order structures
  • integration of info
  • emotional info
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5
Q

what’s the purpose of the hippocampus? what order of functioning does it occupy?

A
  • attaches emotion to memories
  • lower order of functioning
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6
Q

what’s the purpose of the amygdala? what order of functioning does it occupy?

A
  • it’s the center of emotional information
  • lower order of cognition
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7
Q

what is top-down processing?

what therapy relies on this kind of processing?

A

slow, deliberate, explicit, strategic processing that uses rule-based knowledge

CBT – question-processing, targets PFC

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8
Q

what’s bottom-up processing?

A

automatic, effortless, implicit, pre-conscious processing based on salient features or stimulus/situational cues

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9
Q

what kinds of therapy targets bottom-up processing?
what part of brain is targeted?

A
  • CBT too, but not as explicitly targeted
  • relies on trickle-down effect
  • targets ACC
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10
Q

which information processing biases relate to schemas?

A
  1. selective attention to fearful/mood-congruent stimuli
  2. selective memory for negative>positive material
  3. inability to disengage from negative material
  4. interpretation of ambiguous events as not positive
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11
Q

cognitive model of depr + anx

what is thought to lead to depressive rumination?

A

inability to disengage, pull attention away from negative material

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12
Q

how does CBT act in changing biased info processing?

what does this prove?

A
  • reduction of negative cognition (cognitive mediation)
  • reduction of attentional bias for threat in anx dis
  • CBT + meds results in greater connections between positive schema content than med alone in tx of depr
  • reduction of negative schema content after sad mood induction than meds alone in depr

it validates the cog model: to improve sx, need a change in cog

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13
Q

according to Linden, what is cognitive restructuring thought to do?

A

increase top down cognition control over negative emotion

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14
Q

neurocognitive correlates of change in CBT

what kind of reactivity is supposed to be decreased by medication?

A

bottom up reactivity to emotional stimuli

less reactive rather than restructuring

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15
Q

through which pathway does CBT produce sx reduction?

A

through its impact on higher order executive functions (problem solving, cognitive reappraisal, self-referential thinking)

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16
Q

which parts of the brain does CBT target when treating depr?

A

PFC:
* dorsolateral
* ventrolateral
* medial
+
* ACC + PCC

mainly higher order areas

17
Q

what does the modulation of top-down processes involve?

A

encoding + retrieval of negative associative memories, rumination, and over processing or irrelevant information

18
Q

which parts of the brain does CBT target when treating anx?

A

same as depr, + :
* amygdala
* hippocampus
* anterior temporal cortex
* medial temporal cortex

19
Q

is there more modulation in CBT for anx or depr? why?

A

anx
anxiety targets fight or flight, which s more of a bottom up process that needs to be targeted

20
Q

which parts of the brain are most active when tx with PTSD? which are least active?

A

most: ACC
least: amygdala

21
Q

which parts of the brain are least active when tx with social anx?

A

amygdala + hippocampus

22
Q

which parts of the brain are least active when tx with OCD?

A
  • orbitofrontal cortex
  • dorsolateral PFC
  • ACC
23
Q

fill in the blank: CBT for depr + anx

depression deals with _ order changes
anxiety deals with _ order change

A

depression deals with higher order changes
anxiety deals with both higher and lower order changes

24
Q

which brain regions are involved in cognitive control of emotion?

A

higher order cortical regions

25
Q

what parts of the brain are involved in cognitive reappraisal?

A

increase:
* dorsolateral PFC
* ventrolateral PFC
* ACC

decrease:
* amygdala

26
Q

what is cognitive reappraisal?

A

being able to think about something differently

27
Q

which kinds of processes are activated when using strategies for emotional regulation?

A

top-down processing

PSYC 408 (20 decks)

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