15- Fungi And Yeasts (Superficial) Flashcards

1
Q

Black dot ringworm, seborrheic like scaling and inflammatory kerion

This organism in tinea capitis produces spores WITHIN the hair shaft

Do not produce fluorescence in Wood’s lamp

A

Trichophyton tonsurans

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2
Q

Organism in tinea capitis that produce spores OUTSIDE the hair shaft

Fluoresce under Wood’s lamp
Scaly, erythematous papules with loose and broken off hairs

A

Microsporum canis

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3
Q

Deep tender boggy plaques exuding pus in tinea capitis

Scarring, permanent alopecia

A

Kerion celsii

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4
Q

Appears chiefly on scalp but may affect glabrous skin and nails

Scalp- concave yellow sulfur crusts around loose wiry hairs

Atrophic scarring- glossy smooth white patch
Glabrous skin- cup shaped crusts with mousy odor

A

Favus

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5
Q

Cup shaped crusts usually pierced by a hair on skin with a distinctive mousy odor in tinea infection

A

Scutulae

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6
Q

Infected tinea hairs will fluoresce what color in Wood’s light?

A

Bright green or yellow green

Trichophyton- does not fluoresce

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7
Q

Treatment for tinea capitis in children

A

Griseofulvin 10mg/kg/day

2-4 months

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8
Q

Treatment for trichophyton infections in tinea

A

Terbinafine 3-6mg/kg/day x 1-4 weeks

Adjunct: selenium sulfide shampoo or ketoconazole shampoo 5 mins 3x a week

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9
Q

Tinea barbae is different from staphylococcal folliculitis (sycosis vulgaris) by

A

Sparing of upper lip

Unilateral involvement

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10
Q

Circular, sharply circumscribed, slightly erythematous, dry, scaly hypopigmented patches
Progressive central clearing

Found in the body except in face, scalp, beard, hands, feet and groin

A

Tinea corporis

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11
Q

Treatment for tinea corporis

A

Topical- miconazole, clotrimazole BID X 2-4 weeks

ketoconazole, terbinafine- OD
Terbinafine- 1 week

Systemic- trichophyton: griseofulvin, terbinafine, fluconazole

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12
Q

Deep pustular tinea circinata resembling a carbuncle or kerion on glabrous skin

Follicles distended with purulent material

Most often on shin or wrist

A

Fungal folliculitis

Majocchi granuloma

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13
Q

Tinea incognito is an atypical lesion that are widespread and may lack an advancing scaly border

It is usually caused by

A

Treatment with topical corticosteroid or calcineurin inhibitors

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14
Q

Infection of the nail plate by a fungus is called

A

Onychomycosis

Tinea unguium

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15
Q

Onychomycosis caused by what organism?

Starts at distal corner of the nail and involves the junction of the nail and bed
Yellow discoloration, spreads proximally
Nail becomes brittle

A

T. rubrum

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16
Q

Treatment of onychomycosis

A

Terbinafine 250mg/day x 6-8 weeks

Toenails- 12-16 weeks

Itraconazole, fluconazole

17
Q

Side effect that should be noted when using itraconazole and terbinafine, ketoconazole

A

Hepatotoxicity

18
Q

Grayish white membranous plaques found on the surface of the mucous membrane

Base is moist reddish and macerated

Often first manifestation of AIDS

A

Oral candidiasis (thrush)

19
Q

Treatment for oral thrush

A

Fluconazole 150mg single dose

20
Q

Maceration and transverse fissuring of the oral commissures

Bilateral involvement

A

Perlèche (angular cheilitis)

21
Q

Pruritic intertriginous eruptions between folds

Pink to red moist patches surrounded by a colarette scale

A

Candidal intertrigo

22
Q

Candidal intertrigo treatment

A

Topical anticandidal ( clotrimazole, ketoconazole, miconazole, nystatin, terbinafine)

+ topical midstrength steroid

23
Q

Treatment for diaper candidiasis

A

Topical anticandidal agents

Zinc oxide- barrier against urine

24
Q

Infection with Candida limited to mucosal surfaces, skin and nails

Onset before 6 years old
Hyperkeratotic, horn like or granulomatous lesions

A

Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis

25
Q

Gold standard for systemic candidiasis treatment

A

Amphotericin B

26
Q

Common in tropics
Brown or black spots on palms and soles, may be mistaken for nevi

Common in the tropics
Pigment confined to stratum corneum and scrapes of easily

A

Tinea nigra

27
Q

Dark pinhead to pebble sized formations on the hairs of scalp, brows, lashes or beard

Distributed irregularly on the hair shaft

A

Black piedra

28
Q

Yellow or beige colored soft slimy sheath coating the hair shaft caused by trichosporon

A

White piedra

29
Q

Treatment for piedra

A

Cutting/ shaving hair

Black- oral and topical terbinafine
White- oral itraconazole, topical imidazoles

30
Q

Hypo or hyperpigmented coalescing scaly macules on the trunk and upper arms

Favors oily areas of the skin, occurs during summer
Mild itching and inflammation around patches

A

Tinea versicolor

31
Q

Treatment for tinea versicolor

A

Selenium sulfide lotion 10mins daily x 1 week

Zinc pyrithione soap
Ketoconazole
Oral itraconazole 200mg OD X 7 days