15 Fire Attack Flashcards
What are the 3 form of fire attack?
- direct
- combination
- indirect
When does direct fire attack work the most efficiently?
- When the stream can reach the seat of the fire
- When the thermal balance is stable and the products of combustion are at the uppermost levels of the structure
- Where the fire’s fuel is not enclosed
- When most of the fuel is in the smoldering stage
- When you cannot achieve immediate ventilation
What do we need to remember before continuously applying water to a fire?
Continuous water application will upset the thermal balance, forcing the heat and gases down to your working level.
When should an indirect exterior attack be considered?
From a Fire Command point, an indirect exterior attack may be considered a Defensive attack strategy until such time as more crews and equipment arrive allowing fire command to switch to an Offensive attack strategy.
Define Fire Stream?
A Fire stream can be defined as a stream of water or other extinguishing agent after it leaves a fire hose and nozzle until it reaches the desired point.
Advantages of a solid stream?
- Greater visibility
- Better reach and better penetration than other streams
- Reduced nozzle pressure per litre make for easier handling
- Normal thermal layering is less likely to be disturbed during an interior structural attack, thus increasing your personal safety level.
Factors that will effect fog streams?
- Velocity
- Gravity
- Pattern
- Air Friction
- Wind
What types of streams are commonly used for firefighting?
- Solid Stream
- Fog Stream
- Broken Stream
What is the point called when a fire stream looses its forward velocity?
Breakover point
At what angle does a fire stream reach furthest?
30 -34 degrees
T what angle does the stream attain its maximum vertical reach?
75 degrees
Which 4 factors indicate that a fire stream is properly applied?
- Darkening down
- White Smoke/ White Steam
- decreased visibility
- Rapid temperature fluctuation
What are the flowrates and pressures of the 4 Master stream appliances?
- Deck/Deluge Gun = 2650 LPM@ 700kpa newer units 500kpa
- Quick attack monitor 950-1400-1900 LPM @ 1034kpa
- Ladder: 7000LPM @ 1000kpa
- Quints: 5682 LPM @ 700kpa
Exposures are classified in two types?
- Interior exposures
2. Exterior exposures
How many times does water expand when turned into steam?
1700
