14.1

Question 1

Volcanism

Answer 1

describes all the processes associated with the discharge of magma, hot fluids, and gasses
Only 5 percent of magma erupts far from plate boundaries

Question 2

2 Major Belts

Answer 2

Circum, Medeterranian

Question 3

subduction zones

Answer 3

form where oceanic crust descends into the mantle

Question 4

circum belt

Answer 4

aka pacific belt
aka the pacific ring of fire
area of volcanoes that encircles the majority of the pacific plate

Question 5

meditteranian belt

Answer 5

area of active volcanoes associated with the boundaries between eurasian, african, and arabian plates

Question 6

_________________ move apart at a _______________

Answer 6

tectonic plate, divergent plate boundary

Question 7

how much of earth’s volcanic eruptions are underwater

Answer 7

2/3
also typically not explosive
forms pillow lava

Question 8

hot spot

Answer 8

unusually hot area in earth’s mantle where high temp plumes of magma rise toward the surface

Question 9

most hot spots occur where

Answer 9

where columns of solid, hot material from the deep mantle, called mantle plumes rise and reach the crust

Question 10

flood basalt

Answer 10

huge amounts of lava that erupts from fissures

Question 11

fissure

Answer 11

long crack in earth’s crust

Question 12

conduit

Answer 12

tube like structure that allows lava to reach the surface

Question 13

vent

Answer 13

opening in earth’s crust through which lava erupts and flows out onto the surface

Question 14

crater

Answer 14

bowl shaped depression that forms around the central vent at the summit of a volcano

Question 15

caldera

Answer 15

large crater that can form when the summit or side of a volcano collapses into the magma chamber during or after an eruption

Question 16

how many types of volcanoes are there

Answer 16

3

Question 17

shield volcanoes

Answer 17

broad volcano w gently sloping sides
largest of the 3
long, gentle slopes
composed of layers of solidified basaltic lava
quiet eruptions

Question 18

cinder cones

Answer 18

steep sided, generally small volcano that is built by the accumulation of tephra around the vent
smallest of the 3
steep sloped, cone shaped
usually composed of fragments of basaltic lava
explosive eruptions

Question 19

composite volcanoes

Answer 19

generally cone shapes with concave slopes
larger than cinder cone volcanoes
tall majestic mountains
composed of layers of rock from explosive and quiet lava flows
cycles through periods of quiet and explosive eruptions