12.2

Question 1

Wave

Answer 1

Rhythmic movement that carries energy through matter or space

Question 2

How are most waves generated

Answer 2

Wind moving over the surface of water

Question 3

Anatomy of a wave (4 parts)

Answer 3

Crest, Trough, Wavelength, Wave height

Question 4

Crest

Answer 4

The highest point of a wave

Question 5

Trough

Answer 5

The lowest point of a wave

Question 6

Wavelength

Answer 6

The horizontal distance between 2 consecutive crests

Question 7

Wave height

Answer 7

The vertical distance between crest to trough

Question 8

Wave base

Answer 8

Equal to half the wavelength

Question 9

Wave height depends on three factors

Answer 9

Fetch, Wind duration, Wind speed

Question 10

Fetch

Answer 10

The expanse of water that the wind blows across

Question 11

wind duration

Answer 11

how long the wind blows uninterruptedly

Question 12

wind speed

Answer 12

faster the wind speed, higher the waves

Question 13

Breaker

Answer 13

a foamy mass of water that collapses onto the coastline

Question 14

Tide

Answer 14

periodic rise and fall of sea level caused by the gravitational attraction among earth, the moon, and the sun

Question 15

when is there high and low tide

Answer 15

when the water level is higher there is high tide and when the water level is lower there is low tide

Question 16

tidal range

Answer 16

the distance in water level between high and low tide

Question 17

how long is one daily tidal cycle

Answer 17

about 24 hours and 50 minutes

Question 18

how many different tidal cycles are there

Answer 18

3

Question 19

what are the 3 different tidal cycles

Answer 19

semidiurnal cycle, diurnal tidal cycle, mixed tidal cycle

Question 20

semidiurnal cycle

Answer 20

see two high tides each day

Question 21

mixed tidal cycle

Answer 21

see one pronounced and one smaller high tide per day

Question 22

diurnal

Answer 22

see one high tide each day

Question 23

what are the 2 special types of tides

Answer 23

spring and neap

Question 24

spring tide

Answer 24

the earth, sun, and moon align to make a straight line

Question 25

other details about spring tide

Answer 25

occur twice a month
the moon must be a new or full moon
increases the daily tidal range

Question 26

neap tide

Answer 26

the earth, sun, and moon are right angles to each other

Question 27

other details about neap tide

Answer 27

occur twice a month
the moon must be 1 quarter or 3 quarters full
decreases the daily tidal range

Question 28

surface currents

Answer 28

wind driven movement of ocean water that primarily affects the upper few hundred meters of the ocean

Question 29

gyre

Answer 29

closed circular ocean current systems

Question 30

name the 5 major gyres

Answer 30

north atlantic, north pacific, south atlantic, south pacific, indian ocean

Question 31

which way do the gyres move

Answer 31

clockwise in north hemisphere
counterclockwise in south hemisphere

Question 32

upwelling

Answer 32

the upward motion of ocean water

Question 33

density current

Answer 33

movement of ocean water that occurs