1.4 The musculoskeletal system and analysis of movement Flashcards
What are the two types of joints
Ball and socket and hinge
What type of movement does ball and socket joint allow
Movement in every direction
What are two ball and socket joints
The hip and the shoulder
What are the articulating bones at the hip
Femur and the pelvis
What are the articulating bones at the shoulder
Humerus and scapula
What type of movement does a hinge joint allow for
Movement in one direction
What are 3 hinge joints
Knee, elbow and ankle
What are the articulating bones at the ankle
Talus, tibia and fibula
What are the articulating bones at the knee joint
Femur and tibia
What are the articulating bones at the elbow
The humerus, radius and the ulna
What are the 3 planes in the body
Sagittal, transverse and frontal
Describe the sagittal plane
A vertical plane which divides the body into left and right halves
What movement occurs at the sagittal plane
Extension and flexion
Hyper extension
Describe the frontal plane
A vertical plane that divides the body into front and back halves
What movement occurs at the frontal plane
Abduction and adduction
Describe the transverse plane
Divides the body into upper and lower halves
What movement occurs at the transverse plane
Rotation, horizontal adduction and horizontal abduction
What are the 3 axis in the body
Transverse, Sagittal and Longitudinal
Describe the transverse axis
A line through the left and right of the body
What movement occurs at the transverse axis
Extension and flexion
Hyper extension
Describe the longitudinal axis
A line through the body top to bottom
What movement occurs at the longitudinal axis
Rotation, horizontal adduction and horizontal abduction
Describe the sagittal axis
A line through the body front to back
What movements occur at the sagittal axis
Abduction and adduction
The sagittal plane is paired with which axis
Transverse
The transverse plane is paired with which axis
Longitudinal
The frontal plane is paired with which axis
Sagittal
How do you remember the pairings of the plane and axis
Frontal - Sagittal
Sagittal - Transverse
Transverse- Longitudinal
What is flexion
Decreasing the angle at a joint
What is extension
Increasing the angle at a joint
What is plantar flexion
Pointing your toes downwards, increasing the angle at the ankle
What is dorsi flexion
Pulling the toes up to the shin, decreasing the angle at the joint
What is Hyper extension
Increasing the angle at a joint to over 180 degrees
What is abduction
Moving of a body part away from the midline of the body
What is adduction
Movement of a body part towards the body midline
What is horizontal abduction
Movement of a limb forward whilst it is held parallel to the ground
Horizontal adduction
Movement of a limb backwards whilst it is held parallel to the ground
