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Family > 14- pregnant > Flashcards

14- pregnant Flashcards

1
Q

are home pregnancy tests reliable?

A

yes

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2
Q

most home urine pregnancy tests are positive at concentrations of … and blood hcg tests are positive at….

A

≥ 25 mIU/mL. home

5 mIU/mL, blood

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3
Q

when is gestational sac and fetal pole visualized by transvaginal US?

A

gestational sac : 4-5 weeks’ gestation,

fetal pole : 5-6 weeks.

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4
Q

embryonic age (also called conceptional or developmental age)

A

which is calculated from the date of fertilization, or about 2 weeks after the first date of the LMP.

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5
Q

what risk factors would prompt a hep C screening in pregnant patients?

A 
prison inmates, 
intravenous drug use,
 HIV-positive, 
multiple sexual partners,
 tattoos, 
elevated liver enzymes.
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6
Q

how many pounds to gain in pregnancy if normal weight, overweight, and obese

A

nl: 25-35
overweight: 15-25
obese: 11-20

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7
Q

neural tube closes by

A

4 weeks

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8
Q

should you avoid Hot tubs and saunas during the first trimester of pregnancy.

A

yes :(

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9
Q

what foods to avoid in pregnancy

A

Avoid raw eggs, unpasteurized milk or milk products, soft cheeses (such as feta, brie, veined, Camembert, and Mexican queso fresco), unwashed fruits or vegetables, raw fish, shellfish, and large, steak-like fish (such as shark, swordfish, king mackerel, and tilefish).

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10
Q

caffeine in pregnancy

A

Likely safe in moderate amounts

some observational studies showed miscarriage and low birth weight

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11
Q

fetal heart tones are usually first heard by Doppler fetoscope between …

A

10-12 weeks

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12
Q

should influenza vaccine be given to patients?

A

yes!

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13
Q

when is rhogam given

A

routine Rhogam immunization be given at 28 weeks’ gestation and within 72 hours after delivery as well as with any episodes of vaginal or intrauterine bleeding.

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14
Q

Prenatal maternal (“triple” or “quad”) serum screening consists of … and is done when?

A

alpha-fetoprotein (AFP),
human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG),
unconjugated estriol, and (only in the quad screen) dimeric inhibin A

15-21 weeks

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15
Q

Routine ultrasound for fetal anomalies is not recommended until

A

18-20 weeks’ gestation.

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16
Q

when is nausea in pregnancy common

A

beginning between the fourth and seventh week and resolving by the 20th week in most women.

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17
Q

tricks to help nausea in pregnancy

A

at frequent, small meals, avoid smells and food textures that cause nausea.

Solid foods should be bland tasting, high in carbohydrates, and low in fat.

Salty foods usually can be tolerated early in the morning, and sour and tart liquids often are tolerated better than water.

18
Q

sensitivity of triple screen vs quad screen for down’s syndrome

A

triple- 69%

quad- 81%

19
Q

risk factors for placenta previa

A

multiparous
are older (>35)
smoke
have had twins or a higher multiple pregnancy
have had previous uterine surgery/c-section

20
Q

Marginal or incomplete previas are more or less likely to resolve than complete previas.

A

more likely to resolve

21
Q

how and when should gestational diabetes be screened

A

24 to 28 weeks with a one-hour glucose tolerance test.

22
Q

complications for baby for preeclampsia

A

preterm delivery, small for gestational age infants, and placental abruption

23
Q

defintion of chronic HTN during pregnancy

A

Blood pressure elevation first detected before the 20th week of pregnancy that persists beyond 12 weeks postpartum.

24
Q

gestational HTN

A

The presence of persistent systolic blood pressure of ≥140 mmHg and/or a diastolic blood pressure of ≥90 mmHg, without proteinuria, in a previously normotensive pregnant woman at or after 20 weeks of gestation.

25
Q

preeclampsia definition

A

The presence of persistent systolic blood pressure of ≥ 140 mmHg and/or a diastolic blood pressure of ≥ 90 mmHg, with proteinuria of 0.3 grams or greater in a 24-hour urine specimen.

26
Q

risk factors for preeclampsia

A

white,
nulliparous women
lower SES
younger (teenage and low twenties) and older (> 35 years) women.

27
Q

Symptoms of Severe Preeclampsia

A

Visual disturbances, severe headache, right upper quadrant or epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting, decreased urine output

28
Q

what week does fetus start breathing

A

week 27

29
Q

gestational DM criteria

A

as the presence of two or more of the following serum glucose values:

Fasting serum glucose concentration ≥ 95 mg/dL
One-hour serum glucose concentration ≥ 180 mg/dL
Two-hour serum glucose concentration ≥ 155 mg/dL
Three-hour serum glucose concentration ≥140 mg/dL

30
Q

pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy (PUPPP)

A

papulovesicular lesions on the trunk and extremities

31
Q

prurigo of pregnancy

A

excoriated areas on the trunk or limbs

32
Q

pruritic folliculitis

A

rash may be centered around hair follicles and have an associated pustular appearance

33
Q

treatment of itchy rashes during symptoms

A

topical steroid cream (low-potency) and lotion

34
Q

parts of birth plan

A
  • Comfort measures, including mobility, eating and drinking during labor, music, birth balls, etc.
  • pain, including medications (oral, IV, epidural)
  • Labor support: who will be present, use of a doula or professional labor support person, other children, childbirth education classes
  • Newborn issues, including time with baby after birth, breastfeeding, rooming-in, preferences about whether or not to give formula, timing of routine prophylactic measures (Vitamin K, eye medication)
35
Q

placental abruption symptoms and treatment

A

vaginal bleeding with associated abdominal pain, uterine contractions, and a non-reassuring fetal heart tracing.

Requires immediate medical treatment, as abruption can deprive the fetus of oxygen and cause heavy bleeding in the mother.

36
Q

bacterial vaginosis

A

thin, clear or mildly colored discharge, often with a foul odor.

sometimes itching or dysuria, recent intercourse

37
Q

Vaginal candiasis

A

itching in the vaginal and labial area with associated thick, whitish vaginal discharge.

Is common in pregnancy, is often associated with dysuria, and can be associated with recent sexual intercourse.

38
Q

Management of Bacterial Vaginosis During Pregnancy

A

metronidazole

39
Q

down syndrome signs

A 
Flat facial profile
Poor Moro reflex
Excessive skin at nape of the neck
Slanted palpebral fissures
Hypotonia
Hyperflexibility of joints
Dysplasia of pelvis
Anomalous ears
Dysplasia of midphalanx of fifth finger
Transverse palmar (Simian) crease
40
Q

birth control and lactation

A

copper IUD- can be inserted immeditely

progesterone-only: after 6 weeks

estrogen and progesterone combo can suppress milk production- controversial

41
Q

portpartum blues timing

A

up to 2 weeks, peak day 5

Family (42 decks)

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