13.1 Global Shift in Economic Activity Flashcards
1
Q
Benefits of Global Shift for Asia (3)
- Poverty reduction and waged work
- Education and Training
A
- Only 4% of China’s urban population was considered to be middle class
- Rising to over 30% in 2018
- By 2030, it is estimated Asia will be home to 3 bn middle class people
2
Q
Costs of Global Shift for Asia (5)
- Enviornment and Resource pressure
- Infrastructure and unplanned settlements
A
- Pakistan has the highest annual deforestation rate in Asia
- Losing 27,000 hectares of natural forest area annually
- To fuel industralisation and agriculture
- Also, of the most polluted cities in the world, 21 out of 30 were in India in 2019
- Due to lack of enviornmental rules and regulation
3
Q
Costs of Global Shift for Asia (2)
A
- Enviornment and Resource pressure
- Infrastructure and unplanned settlements
4
Q
Global Shift: Working Practices (7)
A
- The ‘exporting’ of unethical practices
- Which industrialised nations abandoned long ago
- Including: dangerous working conditions
- As seen through the Rana Plaza Collapse (April 2013)
- Child labour
- And highly unequal pay for men and women
- All can currently be seen in Bangladesh and Vietnam
5
Q
Benefits of Global Shift for Asia (4)
A
- Poverty reduction and waged work
- Education and Training
6
Q
Costs of Global Shift for Developed Nations (5)
A
- Deindustrialisation, which results in:
- High unemployment
- Crime
- Depopulation
- Dereliction
7
Q
Deindustrialisation (4)
A
- The decline of regionally important manufacturing industries
- A result of ‘global shift’
- Results in high unemployment
- Which can create a spiral of decline
8
Q
Benefits of Global Shift for Asia (6)
- Poverty reduction and waged work
- Education and Training
A
- Education has improved in recent decades
- E.g. According to the OECD
- In 2017, India had 24,300 PHD graduates
- In 2004, they had under 10,000
- Asian countries now play a leading role in quarternary sector research
- However, illiteracy remains a problem in rural India and Bangladesh
9
Q
Costs of Global Shift for Asia (2)
- Enviornment and Resource pressure
- Infrastructure and unplanned settlements
A
- Infrastructure development has taken off in Asia
- Bringing modern moterways, high-speed railways and new airports
- To cities such as Jakarta
- However, urban populations are growing faster than new housing
- So unplanned settlements spring up to house people
- E.g. Dharavi, India
10
Q
Global Shift (4)
A
- The international relocation
- Of different types of industrial activity, especially manufacturing.
- Stems from a combination of offshoring, outsourcing
- And new business start ups in emerging economies
