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002 - Physio - Renal > (13) - Tubular Reabsorption > Flashcards

(13) - Tubular Reabsorption Flashcards

1
Q

he didn’t spend much time on this

A
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2
Q
A

B (this is the action of a loop diuretic)

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3
Q
A

A

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4
Q

(Aldosterone and Late Distal TUbule and Collecting Ducts)

  1. fine regulation of what two things?
  2. Principal cells present for what?
  3. What does aldosterone do?
A
  1. sodium and potassium
  2. Na - K exchange
  3. regulates by insertion of sodium channels
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5
Q
A
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6
Q

(Where are the sensors?)

  1. barorecetpors in what two places?
  2. volume receptors in what?
  3. juxtaglomerular apparatus measures what?
A
  1. carotid sinus and aortic arch (measure blood pressure - stretch)
  2. atria
  3. renal perfusion (stimulates renin release)
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7
Q
A
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8
Q

he says to understand these charts really well

A
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9
Q

(REcap - Key Points)

  1. total body sodium content is regulated by what?
  2. Do kidneys have seperate or combined mechanisms for regulating sodium and water?
  3. The majority of Na is reabsorbed where?
A
  1. the kidneys
  2. separate
  3. proximal tubules (with progressively smaller amounts in the loop of Henle, the distal tubules and the collecting ducts)
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10
Q

(Recap - Key Points)

  1. Reabsorption of Na is what kind of process - driven by what?
A

(just read it)

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11
Q
A
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12
Q

kidney regulates Na in long term - not short term - need a way to manage this

A
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13
Q

(Internal potassium balance)

  1. normally what percentage in cells? what in ECF?
  2. Movement of how much into ECF is fatal?
A
  1. 98% in cells, 2% in ECF
  2. 1.5 - 2%

(there are processes that make sure K is moved intracellularly)

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14
Q
A
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15
Q

(Kidneys: Major Route of K Excretion)

  1. potassium is freely filtered, but almost all reabsorbed before reaching what?
  2. Primary Event: Secretion of K into distal tubule - what does this?
  3. Net distal reabsorption rather than secretion may occur in states of what?
A
  1. distal tubule
  2. principal cells (located in cortical and outer medullary collecting tubule)
  3. potassium depletion (reabsorption by alpha-intercalated cells)
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16
Q
A

D

17
Q

(Recap - K+)

  1. Short term mamagement of plasma K concentrations depends on what?
  2. Long-term management controlled by what?
  3. potassium is filtered, reabsorbed and secreted by what?
  4. Primary physiologic control of renal handling of K depends on what two factors?
A
  1. movement between ECF and ICF
  2. the kidneys
  3. the kidneys
  4. plasma [K] and aldosterone
18
Q

these dogs don’t make aldosterone - don’t get rid of potassium well - and they lose sodium - so their volume goes down

if potassium is trending up and sodium is trending down keep Addison’s in mind

move on to next slide for explanation

A
19
Q
A
20
Q

(Phosphorus)

  1. how filtered?
  2. Reabsorbed where?

saturatable Tm?

PTH regulates reabsorption by doing what?

  1. Net Renal handling by what two things?
A
  1. unbound freely filtered
  2. in the proximal tubule

yes

lowering Tm (inhibits cotransporter)

  1. filtration and reabsorption
21
Q

(regulation of phosphorus excretion)

  1. phosphorus excretion largely determined by what?
  2. Retention of phosphorus in body –> ?
  3. What does FGF-23 do?

does phosphorus excretion increase or decrease?

A
  1. GFR
  2. release of fibroblast growth factor (FGF-23)
  3. inhibits renal reabsorption of phosphorus

increase

22
Q

(REgulation of Phosphorus Excretion)

  1. Further increases in phosphorus retention and hyperphosphatemia –>…
  2. increase in levels of what?

does what?

  1. decrease in levels of what?

this does primarily what?

inhibits production of what?

A
  1. parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels

suppress phosphorus reabsorption - thus increasing phosphorus excretion

  1. calcitrol levels

calcitrol primarily enhances calcium and phosphorus absorption from the gut

inhibits production of PTH (absence promotes increases in PTH)

23
Q

(Serum Calcium)

1-3. occurs in what three forms?

(ionized calcium)

  1. biologcially, ergulated, form that is freely filtered
A
  1. ionized
  2. protein-bound (albumin)
  3. complexed (to organic anions)
24
Q

(Renal handling of Ca)

  1. unbound freely filtered

(Reabsorption in PT and TAL)

  1. passive or paracellular?
  2. electrochemical driving forces dependent on what?

(Reabsorption in distal tubule)

  1. site of control by what?
  2. only segment where reabsorption isn’t what?
A
  1. both
  2. Na reabsorption
  3. endocrine control (PTH)
  4. linked to Na
25
Q

figure this out

A
26
Q
A

002 - Physio - Renal (19 decks)

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