13. Sport Vision Flashcards
What are the sources of sensory info?
- Exteroceptive = vision & hearing (source is outside of body
- Proprioceptive = kinesthesis (source is w/in body)
Explain closed-loop control systems? Characteristics & restrictions?
- A motor control system that operates on sensory info (feedback) provided to the effector system and back to the executive again
- Flexible & adaptable
- Use many sources of sensory info
- Limited by processing speed
Examples of closed-loop control systems?
- Response-producing feedback = response doing movement produces feedback
- Eye tracking
- Discrete vs. Continuous tasks (speed)
What are the 2 basic visual systems?
- Focal
- Ambient
Focal vs. Ambient visual system
FOCAL -Central visual field only -Conscious -What is it? -Degrades w/ low illumination AMBIENT -Central + peripheral vision -Unconscious -Where is it? -Low illumination has no effect
What happens when an object you’re trying to focus on is larger than focal point?
- Eye move around surface of object
- Higher possibility of error
Define accommodation.
Adjusting the shape of the eye’s lens to view objects at varying distances
What is contrast sensitivity?
Distribution of patterns of light & dark
Define acuity.
Sharpness of vision
Static vs. Dynamic acuity
- Static = no movement in system
- Dynamic = movement of eye or target
What is size constancy vision?
Objects are the same size regardless of their distance from your eyes even though they look smaller farther away
What is Figure-Ground vision?
Being able to distinguish an object from its background
What is Whole vs. Part vision?
- Eyes break down objects into parts
- Expert performers know what to look at & when
What is depth perception?
- Making judgments about distances between you and an object
- More static than spatial
What is spatial orientation?
Knowing yourself in space
What is fusion of vision?
Fuse images coming in from both eyes
Convergence vs. Divergence of vision
- Convergence = bringing eyes together when objects are closer
- Divergence = bringing eyes apart when objects are farther from space
What is a visual search?
Ability to look in our environment for things that are relevant
What is the average human reaction time?
250 miliseconds
What is manual aiming? Example?
Using hand to aim things
-throwing
What is prehension?
- Using hands w/ eyes guiding movement
- Move hands different way to grasp different objects
What is manual tracking? Example?
Chasing things w/ hands
-catching a ball
Define locomotion.
All the different ways we can move
What does optical flow in sport provide info about?
- Stability & balance
- Velocity of movement
- Direction of movement
- Movement of objects
- Time before contact
