13 - Breast/Ovary Path Flashcards
where do most breast cancers originate (what part of the breast)?
terminal duct lobular units
what cell type in the breast tends to become cancerous?
epithelial cells (ones that make milk)
duct ectasia
dilatation of ducts in breast, inspissated (thickened/congealed) secretions, inflammation of lobules
sclerosing adenosis of breast
proliferation of glands w/in fibrotic stroma, microcalcifications
no atypia
what proliferative breast lesion w/o atypia can cause nipple discharge?
intraductal papilloma
two types of proliferative breast lesions w/ atypia
atypical ductal hyperplasia
atypical lobular hyperplasia
type of genetic mutations (what function) that are responsible for hereditary breast cancer
defective DNA repair
infiltrating ductal carcinoma of no special type - relative prognosis
decent, 75% 10 yr survival
most are LN neg when found and ER pos
do the “special” histologic types of breast cancer fare better or worse than “no special type” and why?
special ones usually have excellent prognosis - better than no special type
they rarely metastasize
MC type of ovarian tumor/cancer
surface epithelial stromal tumor
serous ovarian tumors - malignancy %? assoc mutations/genes? characteristic path finding?
25% malignant
KRAS and BRAF in low grade, p53 / BRCA1/2 in high grade
psammoma bodies
mucinous ovarian tumors - malignancy %? assoc mutations/genes? characteristic path finding?
15% malignant
KRAS mutations**
cells w/ apical mucin, cystic neoplasms mostly multiloculated
endometrioid ovarian tumors - malignancy %? assoc mutations/genes? characteristic path finding?
most are carcinomas (rare type of ovarian neoplasm though)
PTEN, KRAS, beta catenin, p53 in high grade
tubular glands like in endometrial tissue
MC estrogenic ovarian tumor
granulosa cell tumor
path finding assoc w/ granulosa cell tumors
Call-exner bodies
