13 - 4 Flashcards
Humanistic therapy
people have control of their behaviour, can make choices about their lives, and are
essentially responsible for solving their own problems.
humanistic therapists view themselves as guides or facilitators.
Therapists using humanistic techniques seek to
lead people to realizations about themselves
and to help them find ways to come closer to the ideal they hold for themselves.
Humanistic therapy says psychological disorders
are the result of people’s inability to find meaning in life and of feeling lonely and unconnected to others.
Person-centred therapy
Humanistic perspective
aims to enable people to reach their potential for self-actualization.
By providing a warm and accepting environment, therapists hope to motivate clients to air their problems and feelings, which in turn, this enables clients to make realistic and
constructive choices and decisions about the things that bother them in their current lives.
Therapists provide unconditional positive regard
Advantages of Humanistic Therapy
The notion that psychological disorders result from restricted growth potential appeals philosophically to many people.
Furthermore, when humanistic therapists acknowledge that the freedom we possess can lead to psychological difficulties, clients find an unusually supportive environment for therapy,
which In turn, can help clients discover solutions to difficult psychological problems.
Disadvantages of Humanistic Therapy
Humanistic treatments lack specificity, a problem that has troubled their critics.
Humanistic approaches are not very precise and are probably the least scientifically and theoretically developed type of treatment.
Moreover, this form of treatment works best for the same type of highly verbal client who profits most from psychoanalytic treatment.
Interpersonal Therapy
focuses on the individual’s current social relationships.
Often focuses on interpersonal issues such as social skills deficits, conflicts with others, grief,
or major life transitions (e.g., divorce)
The goal is to help the client improve his/her current social relationships.
interpersonal therapy is especially effective in
dealing with depression, anxiety, addictions, and eating disorders.
Group therapy
people meet in a group with a therapist to discuss their problems and receive support and advice from group members.
Self-help groups
People who have experienced similar problems get together to discuss their shared feelings and experiences without a professional therapist.
Ex. AA
Family therapy
approach that focuses on the family and its dynamics.
By meeting with the entire family simultaneously they expect each member to contribute to the resolution of the problem as they try to understand how the family members interact with one another.
Many family therapists believe that family members fall into rigid roles or set patterns of behaviour, with one person acting as the scapegoat, another as a bully, and so forth, with such roles perpetuating family disturbances.
Thus, a goal is to get the family members to adopt new, more constructive roles and patterns of behaviour
1952 psychologist Hans Eysenck claimed that people who received psychodynamic treatment and related therapies
were no better off at the end of treatment than
were people who were placed on a waiting list
for treatment but never received it.
Eysenck concluded that people would go into spontaneous remission (recovery without treatment) if they were simply left one.
today most psychologists
agree:
that Therapy does work!
therapy brings about greater improvement than does no treatment at all, with the rate of spontaneous remission being fairly low.
In most cases, then, the symptoms of abnormal behaviour do not go away by themselves if left untreated
Therapists usually use an eclectic approach to therapy
(an approach that uses techniques taken from a variety of treatment methods, rather than just one) so they can use the techniques that work best for each individual client.
Drug therapy
Biomedical Therapy
control of psychological disorders using drugs.
Drug therapy works by altering the operation of neurotransmitters or neurons in the brain.
Some drugs increase synaptic transmissions (allowing the particular neurons to
fire more), while some decrease synaptic transmissions (allowing the particular neurons to fire less).
chlorpromazine drug
changed mental hospitals in 1950s and became the most popular and successful treatment for schizophrenia.