12.4 anaerobic respiration

Question 1

lack of oxygen for krebs and ETC

Answer 1

krebs cycle nor ETC can take place
-all FAD and NAD are reduced
-no FAD or NAD able to take H+ ions so enzymes stop working

Question 2

lack of oxygen for glycolysis

Answer 2

products of pyruvate and H must be removed
-glycolysis stops because no NAD left for pick up H ions(all reduced)

• NAD is regenerated by pyruvate molecules accepting H from NADH
  -forms ethanal then ethanol and (oxidised)NAD+

Question 3

production of ethanol in plants

Answer 3

pyruvate loses CO2 and accepts hydrogen from NADH

pyruvate + NADH -> ethanol + CO2 + NAD+

Question 4

production of lactate in animals

Answer 4

pyruvates takes up 2 H atoms from NADH

pyruvate + NADH -> lactate + NAD+

Question 5

lactate issue

Answer 5

causes cramp and muscle fatigue when accumulates in muscle tissue
- reduces pH and enzyme activity

Question 6

lactate removal

Answer 6

removed by blood and taken to liver to be converted to glycogen
- oxygen oxidises it(oxygen debt)

Question 7

energy from aerobic respiration

Answer 7

substrate level phosphorylation in glycolysis