122D: The lives of African Americans

Question 1

Between 1870 and 1900, how much did the USA’s black population grow?

Answer 1

It doubled from 4.4 million to 7.9 million

Question 2

Where did the majority of African Americans remain?

Answer 2

In the South

Question 3

Where did many African Americans in employment?

Answer 3

Farming, building railroads, making turpentine and lumbering

Question 4

What were most African Americans in the South tied to?

Answer 4

Farming

Question 5

By 1910, what percentage of black farmers owned their land?

Answer 5

25 per cent

Question 6

By how much did the black population grow in the North and West?

Answer 6

It doubled from around 460,000 to 910,000

Question 7

Where did African Americans often live in the North?

Answer 7

Poor quality housing

Question 8

In the North what kind of areas did many African American’s experience discrimination in?

Answer 8

Employment opportunities, quality of housing, low level of education, and confinement of specific areas

Question 9

However, what was developing in the North?

Answer 9

A strong black culture

Question 10

What was developing in the South even before the end of Reconstruction?

Answer 10

Formal segregation

Question 11

How many states introduced formal segregation?

Answer 11

8

Question 12

What was the popular press of African Americans?

Answer 12

Lazy, intellectually weak and easily provoked to violence

Question 13

What did white Southerners say segregation would clear?

Answer 13

Racial tension and avoid bloodshed

Question 14

Were these separate facilities the same standard?

Answer 14

No, in reality they were of poorer quality

Question 15

How did Southerners move around the Fifteenth amendment so to prevent African American voting rights?

Answer 15

Discrimination against gender and property ownership was not outlawed, therefore the South devised complex rules and imposed additional voting requirements

Question 16

What had become commonplace during Reconstruction and saw the height of during the Gilded Age?

Answer 16

Lynching

Question 17

Between 1882 and 1899, how many men and women were lynched?

Answer 17

2,500

Question 18

What were the usual excuses for lynching?

Answer 18

Accusations of rape, attacks on white women and occasionally rape

Question 19

Did Southern governments and police forces do much to prevent lynchings?

Answer 19

No, they were rarely brought to court either and even more rarely convicted

Question 20

What bill did Senator Henry W. Blair try to introduce which was rejected by Congress?

Answer 20

An education bill that would have provided millions of dollars to Southern black and white schools

Question 21

How many eligible black children were enrolled in school?

Answer 21

only 2/5

Question 22

What was the issue with African American schools?

Answer 22

They were often lacking the bare essentials and would close shortly after opening. White schools had much longer terms and better financing. African American parents often had to make up the difference due to small state subsidies

Question 23

In the North, how was schooling different by the 1890s?

Answer 23

Segregated schools were slowly disappearing, most high schools accepted black applicants and colleges and universities accepted small numbers of African Americans