122C: Immigration

Question 1

During the Gilded Age, how many immigrants came to the United States?

Answer 1

10 million immigrants

Question 2

What did some of the push factors include?

Answer 2

Economic dislocation, shortages of land and anti-semitism

Question 3

What did some of the pull factors include?

Answer 3

Economic opportunity, inexpensive farmland, jobs in factories, mills and mines, rapid growth of industry and the need for cheap labour

Question 4

What was America described as?

Answer 4

A life with economic opportunity, political equality and religious tolerance

Question 5

What was the main method of travel to the US?

Answer 5

Steamboat

Question 6

Who were arguably the most significant promotional agencies?

Answer 6

Railroads, they had vast land to dispose of and were able to offer travel to reach it

Question 7

What spurred many immigrants to leave Europe?

Answer 7

Political, economic and religious discontent

Question 8

What additional pressure caused many to immigrate?

Answer 8

An increasing population

Question 9

What were the push factors for many British, Norwegian and Swedish immigrants?

Answer 9

Agricultural depression and industrial depression

Question 10

Which country saw the most immigrants travel to the US?

Answer 10

Germany

Question 11

What were the push factors for Ireland?

Answer 11

Unemployment and poverty

Question 12

What were the push factors for Russia?

Answer 12

Political, economic and religious. The greatest exodus was of Russian Jews fleeing persecution

Question 13

Why did the Japanese move to the US?

Answer 13

The emperor revoked a ban on emigration, Japan’s population growth was extremely high

Question 14

What was the motive of many Chinese immigrants?

Answer 14

Economic

Question 15

What nationality were the majority of workers who laid the Central Pacific track through the Sierra Nevada?

Answer 15

Chinese

Question 16

What was the number of Chinese in the US population by the 1880s?

Answer 16

106,000

Question 17

In 1890 ho much of the labour force was foreign?

Answer 17

56%

Question 18

What was chosen as a symbol of welcome and promise in New York harbour?

Answer 18

The Statue of Liberty, gifted from France and unveiled on 28 October 1886

Question 19

What did economic fear breed?

Answer 19

Ethnic intolerance

Question 20

What did immigrants become regarded as?

Answer 20

Draining American resources

Question 21

What did many labour unions strongly oppose?

Answer 21

The presence of Chinese labour because of competition for jobs

Question 22

Through what act was Chinese immigration banned?

Answer 22

The Chinese Exclusion Act which prohibited Chinese Labourers from entering the US

Question 23

What were some popular ethnic stereotypes?

Answer 23

The Scots were depicted as mean, the Irish as ugly, brawling drunkards and all Italians were involved in organised crime

Question 24

Which group received the most abuse?

Answer 24

Jews

Question 25

As Americans lost faith in immigration and integration what began to grow?

Answer 25

Nativism

Question 26

What is Nativism?

Answer 26

The policy of protecting the interests of native-born or established inhabitants against those of immigrants

Question 27

Nativist agitation was the work of which three groups?

Answer 27

Unions who saw them as a threat to organised labour, social reformers and Protestant conservatives who dreaded the threat to Nordic supremacy

Question 28

Who had the most to fear from immigration?

Answer 28

Skilled workers