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CPT extra > 12.2 Antiepileptics > Flashcards

12.2 Antiepileptics Flashcards

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1
Q

glutamate receptor

A

NMDA

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2
Q

GABA receptor

A

GABA a or b

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3
Q

define seizure

A

clinical manifestation of abnormal excessive exception and synchronisation of group of neurones in brain, sudden and temporary

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4
Q

underlying conditions which can cause non epileptic provoked seizures

A

drugs
CNS infection
alcohol
hypoglycaemia/DKA
pyrexia

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5
Q

differential diagnoses for seizures

A

vasovagal syncope
cardiac arrhytmias
TIA
migraine
delirium
meds, alcohol
panic attack

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6
Q

differential diagnoses for seizures in children

A

febrile convulsion
night terrors
breath holding attacks

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7
Q

epilepsy risk factors

A

premature
complicated febrile seizure
head trauma, infection tumour
dementia

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8
Q

reflex stimuli examples

A

photogenic (strobe lights)
musicogenic
eating
hot water immersion
movement

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9
Q

how far apart must unprovoked seizures be to class as epilepsy?

A

> 24 hours
or 1 seizure with probability of recurrence risk same as after 2

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10
Q

how to diagnose epilepsy

A

assess risk of second seizure
patient history
eyewitness account/video
EEG
MRI

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11
Q

petit mal

A

absence seizure

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12
Q

grand mal

A

generalised seizure

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13
Q

prodrome

A

early signs seizure may be coming hours/days before

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14
Q

aura

A

focal aware seizure leading to secondary generalised

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15
Q

interictal

A

between seizures

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16
Q

post ictal symptoms

A

confusion
fatigue
headache
frustration
anxiety
injury

17
Q

CYP affecting carbamazepine

A

3A4

18
Q

phenytoin exhibits zero order elimination kinetics, why is this important?

A

small dose chnage = big plasma change

19
Q

pregnancy prevention programme when on AEDs

A

at least one highly effective contraceptive method or 2 forms including barrier

20
Q

lamotrigine

A

sodium and calcium channel blocker selective for neurones

21
Q

how should AEDs be changed?

A

slowly, titration
by epilepsy specialist

22
Q

benzodiazepine effect on chloride ions

WRONG ON LUSUMA

A

efflux, = hyperpolarisiton

23
Q

ADRs for benzodiazepines

A

ataxia
depression
drowsiness
hypotension

24
Q

status epilepticus

A

seizure lasting 5 minutes or more, or multiple without recovery between

CPT extra (25 decks)

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