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History GCSE Elizabethan England > 1.2 The Settlement of Religion > Flashcards

1.2 The Settlement of Religion Flashcards

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1
Q

What year did Catholicism stop dominating Western Europe?

A

1517

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2
Q

What was vital in the catholic religion to keep your soul from eternal damnation in hell?

A

Confession of sins and taking part in mass.
Even after you were dead prayers from others could still help you on your way to heaven.

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3
Q

What did religious festivals mark?

A

The agricultural year
E.g., Plough Sunday in January or Harvest Festival.

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4
Q

When did the English Reformation begin?

A

1532

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5
Q

What religion was Henry VIII?

A

Never a true Protestant, his changes came out of his desire to divorce his wife. Brought up devout Catholic.

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6
Q

What is mass?

A

A Roman Catholic service at which Catholics are given bread and wine. Catholics believe that this involved a miracle: the bread and wine is turned into the body of Christ.

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7
Q

What is the Reformation?

A

A challenge to the teachings and power of the Roman Catholic Church.

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8
Q

When did the Reformation movement begin?

A

Europe 1517

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9
Q

What year was the reformation tearing Europe apart?

A

1558

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10
Q

What language did the Catholics believe that the Bible should be in?

A

Latin

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11
Q

What did Protestants believe about the Bible?

A

It should be in their own language to have a closer relationship to God.

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12
Q

When was Elizabeth’s personal Bible given to her? What language was it in?

A

1568, in English

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13
Q

Who is below the Pope in the hierarchy?

A

Cardinals
Archbishops
Bishops
Priests

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14
Q

What does the church act as between God and the people?

A

An intermediary
(Someone who acts as a go-between when direct communication is not possible)

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15
Q

What are sacraments?

A

Special church ceremonies

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16
Q

How many sacraments did the Catholic faith believe in?

A

Seven

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17
Q

How many sacraments did the Protestants believe in?

A

Two:
-Baptism
-Holy Communion

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18
Q

Were priests allowed to marry in the Catholic faith?

A

No

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19
Q

What did bread and wine represent in the Protestant faith?

A

The Last Supper
(No miracle)

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20
Q

Between what years did Edward VI (England’s only true Protestant monarch) reign?

A

1547-1553

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21
Q

In 1558, what religion were the majority of bishops?

A

Catholics

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21
Q

What would changing the religion of a country require?

A

Acts of Parliament

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22
Q

What would the House of Commons and House of Lords think of changing the country’s religion?

A

House of Commons - likely to agree with what Elizabeth wanted.
House of Lords - lots of Catholic bishops who were going to disagree even though they were risking losing their jobs.

23
Q

What was an intermediary?

A

Someone who acts as a go between when direct communication is not a problem.

24
Q

What was an area looked after by a bishop called?

A

Diocese

25
Q

When Mary I ruled, how many Protestants were burned for their religion?

A

Approximately 300

26
Q

Many fled to more tolerant countries when Mary I ruled. Name one of them.

A

The Netherlands

27
Q

When those who fled during the reign of Mary I returned, what was there attitudes towards religion?

A

They were much more radical beliefs.

28
Q

What were radical Protestants known as?

A

Puritans

29
Q

Why were Puritans known by that name?

A

They wanted to purify the Christian religion by getting rid of anything that wasn’t in the Bible.

30
Q

Were altars present in Protestant churches?

A

No

31
Q

What year was the religious settlement?

A

1559

32
Q

What were the three parts of the religious settlement?

A

Act of Supremacy
Act of Uniformity
Royal Injunctions

33
Q

What did all clergy and royal officials have to do under the Act of Supremacy?

A

Swear an oath of allegiance to Elizabeth as the head of the church.

34
Q

Who issued the Royal Injunctions?

A

Sir William Cecil on behalf of the Queen to the clergy.

35
Q

Under the Act of Supremacy what was established with the job of maintaining discipline?

A

An Ecclesiastical High Commission

36
Q

What was introduced under the Act of Uniformity?

A

A Book of Common Prayer which was to be used in all churches.

37
Q

What did people have to attend under the Act of Uniformity?

A

Church services on a Sunday and other holy days such as Good Friday.

38
Q

What was the fine for those who didn’t attend church?

A

One shilling for every absence

39
Q

How many pence are in a shilling?

A

12

40
Q

What year was the Labourers’ Act introduced?

A

1563

41
Q

What did the Labourer’s Act state?

A

Labourers could earn up to three pence a day
Skilled craftsmen could earn up to four pence a day
A servant could earn between eight and nine pence a week

42
Q

Under the Royal Injunctions, what were all clergy to teach?

A

The Royal Supremacy

43
Q

Who would people be reported to if they didn’t attend church?

A

The Privy Council

44
Q

What did people need to preach?

A

A license from the government

45
Q

What was to be banned under the Royal Injunctions?

A

Pilgrimages and monuments to ‘fake’ miracles were to be banned.

46
Q

What were miracles thought to be?

A

A superstition

47
Q

How many parishes were there in England?

A

10,000

48
Q

Of the 10,000 parishes, how many priests and less important clergy swore the oath of allegiance?

A

8,000

49
Q

How many bishops swore the oath of allegiance?

A

One

50
Q

How many new bishops had to be appointed as a result of them not swearing the oath of allegiance?

A

27

51
Q

What example of a county was more likely to be slow to accept the religious settlement?

A

Lancashire

52
Q

What was the term used to describe Catholics who were unwilling to attend church services?

A

Recusants

53
Q

What is the term used to describe inspections of churches and clergy by bishops to ensure that everyone took the oath of Supremacy?

A

Visitations

54
Q

What year were the first visitations?

A

1559

55
Q

How many clergy were dismissed in the first year of visitations?

A

400

56
Q

How often did visitations take place?

A

Every three to four years

History GCSE Elizabethan England (12 decks)

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