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Science > 12 solar system more like so lar you want to know about highschool > Flashcards

12 solar system more like so lar you want to know about highschool Flashcards

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1
Q

What is pluto

A

Dwarf planet

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2
Q

What are units used to measure distance in space & equal how much km

A

Astronomical Unit (A.U.)
1 A.U. = 1.5 x 10^8 km

Light Years (ly)
1ly = 9.5 x 10&12 km

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3
Q

Whaat is astronomoical unit

A

Average distance between Earth and Sun

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4
Q

What is a lightyear

A

Distance travelled by light in 1 year.
Velocity of light = 300 000km / s

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5
Q

What are main characteristics of Mercury

A

Closest to Sun
Smallest planet
Surface similar to moon - asteroid craters & cliffs ~ 10 km
No atmosphere - light cannot scatter - sky is dark

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6
Q

What are main characteristics of Venus

A

Second closest planet
‘Greenhouse planet’ - high content of carbon dioxide
Rotates east -> west = Sun rises from west
Size & age same as Earth

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7
Q

What are main characteristics of Earth

A

Third planet from Sun
Only place inhabited by living things
Has atmosphere - protects surface from solar wind, harmful UV rays & radiation

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8
Q

What are main characteristics of Mars

A

Fourth planet from sun
‘Red Planet’ - Rust
Two different areas
1. Brighter area - dust & red sand
2. Poles - Frozen water & carbon dioxide

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9
Q

What are main characteristics of Jupiter

A

Fifth planet, largest planet
Twice amount of all planets
Protector of Earth - deflect huge objects from hitting Earth w/ strong gravity
Has Great Red Spot - anticyclonic system

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10
Q

What are main characteristics of Saturn

A

Sixth planet, second largest planet
Ring system - ice & small rocky material & dust

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11
Q

What are main characteristics of Uranus

A

Seventh planet, third biggest
Ring system - thinner & darker (methane gas absorbs red light)
First elements in interior - ice & rock
Axis of rotation is tilted ~ parallel to orbit

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12
Q

What are main characteristics of Neptune

A

Eighth planet

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13
Q

What is another name of gas giants and which planets

A

Jovian
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune

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14
Q

Which planet have >90 Rotational direction

A

Venus - 117
Uranus - 98

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15
Q

What is another name of planets with land

A

Terrestrial
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars

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16
Q

Which planet has most moons

A

Jupiter

17
Q

What is main atmospheric content of Jovial

A

Jupiter & Saturn:
Hydrogen, Helium, methane, ethane, ammonia, water
Uranus:
- ethane & ammonia & water
Neptune:
- ammonia & water

18
Q

How is relationship between temp & distance from sun of planet without atmosphere

A

Mercury:
Sunlight directly reaches surface -> area facing Sun extremely hot, >427C -> darker area extremely cold, -173C

19
Q

How is relationship between temp & distance from sun of Earth

A

Clouds -> reflect sunlight into outer space
Atmosphere -> traps some heat -> greenhouse effect

20
Q

How is relationship between temp & distance from sun of Venus

A

Thick clouds -> reflect sunlight into outer space
Atmospheric layer -> mostly carbon dioxide -> greenhouse effect -> more heat is trapped ~ 462C

21
Q

How is relationship between temp & distance from sun of Mars

A

Has atmosphere, but surface pressure extremely low (1/100 of Earth) -> minimal effect on surface temperature
-143 - 35

22
Q

How is relationship between temp & distance from sun of giant planets

A

Surface covered in gas -> receive very little sunlight -> extremely low surface temp

23
Q

Gravity on surface of planet depends on

A

Mass & density

24
Q

What does gravity of Earth being 9.8 m/s^2 mean

A

If we release an object from a certain height -> fall at acceleration of 9.8m /s^2

25
Q

Which planet have lesser Gravity than Earth & why

A

Mercury & Mars -> masses lower
Venus ~ Earth -> almost same mass

26
Q

Why Jupiter gravity much higher than Earth

A

Mass is extremely high although low density

27
Q

How is the gravity on Saturn, Uranus and Neptune

A

Gravity not as high as Earth -> high mass but low density

28
Q

What is the relationship between distance from Sun and orbit time

A

Further planet from Sun, more time to orbit the Sun

29
Q

What happens if rotation of Earth slows down/stops completely

A

Longer day and night duration in two different parts
1. Part facing Sun - More desert areas
2. Part do not receive sunlight - Temperature drop
Change in high & low tide

30
Q

What are natural satellites

A

Objects that move around planets on their own orbit

31
Q

What does Earth look like from Moon

A

Remain in about the same place in the sky everyday
Goes through phases similar to moon

32
Q

What characteristic of Earth causes it to be suitable for life

A

Water -> living process
Oxygen content -> respiratory process
Suitable temp range -> not too hot / cold
Atmosphere -> blocks UV rays
Receives sunlight -> photosynthesis
Gravity -> keeps object from floating

33
Q

What is ecological footprint

A

Measure of ability of water and land to provided the basic needs of humans (food, water, shelter etc) & ability to absorb all human wastes & reproduce resources after used

34
Q

Ecological footprint is the ___ measurement for ___ areas, which area

A

Ratio
Six
Carbon dioxide waste treatment, construction, forests, agricultural, farming, fishing

35
Q

If ecological footprint exceeds ability of Earth to renew resources

A

Depleted of all its resources

36
Q

Where are the areas in ecological footprint used for

A

Carbon footprint -> energy
Construction -> settlement
Forests -> wood & paper
Agricultural & farming -> food & fibre source
Fishing -> seafood

Science (21 decks)

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