12: Hematopoeisis Definitions Flashcards
Bone marrow hematopoeitic compartment vs marrow stromal compartment
Hematopoeitic: highly vascular with hematopoeitic SCs
Marrow stromal compartment: endothelial cells, adipocytes, stromal cells, fibroblasts, macrophages
Five cell types in BM that produce hematopoeitic GFs
- Endothelium
- Marrow fibroblasts
- Stromal cells
- Adipocytes
- Lymphocytes
Cellularity of bone marrow with age
100-age = cellularity % of bone marrow (ex: I’m 24, so my cellularity should be about 76%)
SCF: Stem Cell Factor: produced by what + function
From fetal tissue + BM -> makes SCs responsive to other cytokines to stimulate hematopoeisis
Key GF in leukemoid reaction
IL-6
GF used in treatment for neutropenia after chemo or BM transplant
G-CSF
What produces EPO vs TPO (erythropoeitin and thrombopoeitin)
EPO: kidney
TPO: liver
What stain is used on reticulocytes to visualize blue reticulum/ribosomes
Supravital stain
When are reticulocytes increased in peripheral blood?
In hemolytic anemias where RBCs are being destroyed
Granulocytes vs agranulocytes
Granulocytes: neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils
Agranulocytes: monocytes, lymphocytes
Agranulopoeisis vs granulopoeisis
Both: cells decrease in size
Agranulopoeisis: heterochromatin increases + no granules form + no nuclear lobulation
Granulopoeisis: chromatin condenses + granules form + nucleus becomes lobulated
What causes indentation of nucleus in neutrophil process?
Para nuclear golgi nestles in to the nucleus
Two substances to note that are secreted by basophils
Histamine, heparin
Nucleus of a plasma cell
Eccentrically placed with perinuclear hoff (Golgi nestled in)
Endomitosis
Nuclear divisions occur without cell division -> polyploid nucleus
Three parts of a spun sample of blood and what’s in it
- Plasma: water, proteins, electrolytes, hormones
- Buffy coat: WBCs, platelets
- RBCs
Serum
Liquid portion of clotted blood - lacks fibrinogen and clotting factors
MCV: mean corpuscular volume
Average volume of an RBC (nl is 80-100), determines microcytic vs macrocytic anemia
MCH: mean corpuscular Hb
Average mass of Hb in RBCs
MCHC: mean corpuscular Hb concentration
Concentration of Hb in a given volume, determines hypo/normo/hypercrhomic
RPI: reticulocyte production index
Corrected reticulocyte % based on RBC volume
Calculations for MCV, MCH, and MCHC
MCV: Hct / RBC
MCH: Hb x 10/RBC
MCHC: Hb / Hct
Calculation for RPI
Reticulocyte% x Hct/normal Hct
Anisocytosis vs poikilocytosis
Anisocytosis: variation in size of cells
Poikilocytosis: variation in shape of cells
