12- Equine & Bovine Thoracic Cavity Flashcards
Label the diagram
1) Aorta with the celiac artery in the aortic hiatus
2) Esophagus in the esophageal hiatus
3) Caudal vena in the caval foramen
What is the cranial and caudal boundary of the equine thorax?
Cranial: 1st rib cartilage, manubrium
Caudal: T1= thoracic inlet
What are the lateral, dorsal, and ventral boundaries of the equine thoracic cavity?
Lateral: Ribs/cartilage and intercostal muscles
Dorsal: thoracic vertebrae and longus colli m.
Ventral boundary: sternum, costal cartilage, transversus thoracis m.
What are the 3 openings in the diaphragm and where are they located?
Aortic hiatus: located between the two crura
Esophageal hiatus: perforates the right crus near its junction with the central tendon (two vagal trunks)
Caval foramen: courses through the central tendon on the right side (caudal vena cava)
The diaphragm in a horse extends to which intercostal space?
6th ICS and 6th rib
***olecranon frequently found at 5th ICS
What is the definition of locomotion respiratory coupling as shown in the picture?
Horses breathe with each stride, inhale when legs are under, exhale when legs are reaching out in stride
True or false: the thoracic cavity is the same as the pleural cavity.
FLASE
Label the diagram
True or false: The mediastinum is complete in the horse.
FALSE: fenestrated mediastinum- holes in it
This means a collapsed lung on one side can affect the other side as well
Label the mediastinal contents of the horse (each color)
Identify the nerves/vessels highlighted in red
What structure?
Tracheobronchial lymph node
Identify the lobes of the bovine thymus
1) Cervical lobe
2) Intermediate lobe
3) Thoracic lobe
What are the blue and yellow arrows pointing at?
Blue: pleural cupula
Yellow: Pleural cavities
Identify the structures pointed at by arrows
Yellow: Pleural cavities
Top grey: diaphragmatic pleura
Bottom grey: Costal pleura
Blue: Costodiagphragmatic recess
Costomediastinal recess ventral to lungs
What are the cranial and caudal boundaries of the equine abdominal cavity?
Cranial boundary: diaphragm
Caudal boundary: pelvic inlet
What are the dorsal, lateral, and ventral boundaries of the equine abdominal cavity?
Dorsal: lumbar vertebrae, diaphragm, and sublumbar muscles
Lateral: abdominal wall muscles and diaphragm
Ventral: abdominal wall muscles, linea alba, and prepubic tendon
What are the three muscles that make up with equine sublumbar muscle group? (Filet migon)
Psoas minor
Iliopsoas
Quadratus lumborum
Label the structures pointed to by the arrows
From top to bottom:
Caudal vena cava
Kidneys
Adrenal glands
Ureters
What are some structure that can be found in the retroperitoneal area?
Kidneys (NOT left kidney of ruminant)
Adrenal glands
Ureters
Vessels: aorta, caudal vena cava
The equine greater omentum connects which structures in the abdomen?
Connects the greater curvature of the stomach and the initial part of the duodenum with the terminal part of the large colon and initial part of the small colon
The equine lesser omentum connects which structures in the abdomen?
Connects lesser curvature of the stomach and the first part of the duodenum with the liver
Hepatogastric ligament and the hepataduodenal ligament
