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12 Flashcards

1
Q

R-Value and U-Factor/U-Value

A

R-Value = Thermal Resistance. U-Factor/U-Value = Thermal Conductance.

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2
Q

ASTM

A

The American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) is a standards organization that develops and publishes technical standards. Adoption of standards is voluntary unless mandated by a regulator.

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3
Q

ANSI

A

The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) is a standards organization that oversees consensus of and publishes information about dimensions, ratings, terminology and symbols, test methods, and performance and safety requirements of systems, products, and processes used throughout many industries. Adoption of standards is voluntary unless mandated by a regulator.

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4
Q

ISO

A

The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is an international standard-setting organization with representatives from other standards organizations.

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5
Q

K-Factor

A

The property of a material’s ability to conduct heat.

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6
Q

BOD (Basis of Design)

A

A tool to present the thought processes used in the writing of a specification. Describes the technical approach to a design and identifies parameters to be used.

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7
Q

Define STC, NRC, and IIC.

A 
STC refers to sound transmission class and it indicates a material or assembly's ability to block air-borne noise. The higher the STC, the better it blocks sound.
NRC is the noise reduction coefficient, which measures the amount of sound energy absorbed by a material. Materials are given values between 0 and 1, with 0 indicating perfect reflection and 1 indicating perfect absorption. IIC is the impact isolation class and represents a measurement of a floor and ceiling assembly's ability to attenuate impact noises such as footsteps. A larger IIC number means greater attenuation.
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8
Q

Door Hardware Set

A

Typically specified in sets, door hardware packages include all latches, locks, hinges, door closers, panic devices, and other devices necessary for the door’s operation.

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9
Q

Gypsum Wallboard Finish Level

A

Defines how visible joints are and how smooth the finish is for gypsum wallboard. Level 1 is the most rough in appearance, typically used in areas that are not in view (i.e., in a ceiling plenum). Level 5 is the highest end finish, which is used in applications that are to receive any specialty coating, such as unbacked vinyl graphics, specialty paints, or areas that may have harsh light. Level 4 is the commonly specified finish for areas that are to receive paint, or a wall covering.

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10
Q

Spray Foam Insulation: Open Cell vs. Closed Cell

A

Open cell: lower R value (around 3–4 per inch) and impermeable to air but permeable to moistureClosed cell: higher R value (around 6 per inch) and impermeable to air and moisture

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11
Q

Coal Tar Enamel

A

Coating for anticorrosion that is resistant to soil bacteria, marine organisms, and root growth; used in subterranean pipelines for petroleum products.

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12
Q

Alkyd

A

A modern synthetic resin used to replace oil in varnishes, paints, and adhesives.

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13
Q

Acrylic Paint

Urethane Paint

Oleoresinous Paint

Bituminous Paint

A

Fast-drying, water-resistant paint containing pigments suspended in acrylic polymer emulsion.

A catalyst paint known for exceptional durability (long lasting).

Naturally occurring mixture of oil and a resin extracted from pine/fir trees and thinned with a solvent like turpentine.

A low-cost coating that contains asphalt or coal tar, a thinner, and drying oils that is used to waterproof concrete and to protect piping where bleeding of the asphalt is acceptable.

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14
Q

Rigid Insulation

A

Approximate R-value per inch:
Polyisocyanurate (Polyiso): 5.7 to 6
Extruded Polystyrene (XPS): 5
Expanded Polystyrene (EPS): 3.6 to 4.2

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15
Q

Hasp Lock

A

A metal fastener composed of a metal plate with a slot in it that fits over a u-shaped piece with a padlock or bolt that can be inserted in order to close and lock.

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16
Q

Paint components

A

Pigment, binder, and solvent.

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17
Q

Alabaster

A

Mineral that, when cut thin, can be used instead of glass in windows.

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18
Q

Acoustic Ceiling Tile

A

Tiles coming in a variety of textures and sizes that can be suspended from the structure or glued to a horizontal ceiling surface. These tiles are typically fibrous, sound-absorbing material, such as mineral fiber, fiberglass, wood, cork, and perforated metal panel.

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19
Q

Acoustic Ceiling Baffles

A

Acoustic baffles are ceiling-mounted, either vertically or horizontally oriented panels that absorb the reflected noise that bounces off hard flat walls, floors, and ceilings. A typical use of ceiling baffles is to orient them vertically and stack several in a row, which provides more surface area for sound absorption. Sound baffles are typically made of fabrics and are low in cost.

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20
Q

True or false? Information about material quality and installation methods should be located in the drawings.

A

False. This information should be located in the specifications.

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21
Q

In the event of a discrepancy between the drawings and the specifications, which prevails?

A

Specifications.

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22
Q

True or false? The drawings show the configuration, size, and layout, and the specifications describe the quality and requirements for the execution of the work.

A

True.

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23
Q

Coordinating specifications with drawings

A
  • There should be a specification for every material shown on the drawings
  • The same language should be used in both (e.g., don’t say “drywall” in the drawings and “gypsum board” in the specifications
  • Avoid repeating information to reduce the possibility of errors (e.g., don’t call out the thickness of flashing in the specs if it is already in the drawings)
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24
Q

Building Height

A

The vertical distance from the grade plane to the average height of the highest roof surface.

25
Q

Primary Fire Protection Systems

A

Fire sprinklers, smoke-control systems, and smoke and heat vents.

26
Q

Audible Alarm Requirements

A

907.5.2.1 requires audible alarms to emit a distinctive sound, not used for any other purpose other than that of a fire alarm, and to be at least 15 decibels above the ambient sound, or 5 dBA above the maximum sound level.

27
Q

Exit

A

Portion of the means of egress system between the exit access and the exit discharge or the public way (e.g., stairwell between a corridor and a yard that is connected to a street).

28
Q

Draft-Stopping

A

Term used for the provision of materials or devices to restrict the movement of air within open spaces concealed in combustible construction, such as floors, ceiling cavities, and attics.

29
Q

Assembly Group A1 Occupancy

Assembly Group A2 Occupancy

Assembly Group A3 Occupancy

Assembly Group A4 Occupancy

Assembly Group A5 Occupancy

A

Assembly uses with fixed seating intended for viewing performing arts or motion pictures.

Assembly intended for food and drink consumption including banquet halls, night clubs, restaurants, and bars.

Other assembly uses not classified elsewhere in Group A. This includes but is not limited to worship, recreation, amusement, art galleries, courtrooms, libraries, museums, waiting areas in transportation terminals, and indoor pools.

Assemblies for activities intended for viewing indoor sports with spectator seating such as arenas, pools, skating rinks, and so on.

Assembly intended for participating in or viewing outdoor activities including stadiums, grandstands, and outdoor bleachers.

30
Q

Business Group B Occupancy Classification

A

Business Group B Occupancy Classification
The use of a building for office, professional, or storage use. Examples include a bank, carwash, post office, print shop, or animal hospital.

31
Q

Educational Group E Occupancy Classification

A

Use of a building by six or more people at a time for educational purposes through the 12th grade. Also includes educational supervision or personal care services for more than five kids older than two years of age.

32
Q

Accessory Occupancy

A

A space or room that is different than the main occupancy but doesn’t exceed 10% of the main occupancy floor area (e.g., a gift shop in a hospital).

33
Q

Fire Partition

A

A wall assembly with a one-hour fire resistance rating. Must provide a continuous barrier from slab to slab. Openings in fire partitions must have a minimum rating of 45 minutes, except corridors, which need 20-minute fire protection assemblies.

34
Q

Fire Barrier

Fire Wall

Smoke Barrier

A

Vertical or horizontal assembly designed to restrict the spread of fire or confine it to limited areas. This offers more protection than fire partitions.

Walls that extend from the building’s foundation through the roof to a parapet or to the underside of a noncombustible roof, and must have a fire rating of 2 to 4 hours. Reference IBC Chapter 706.

A continuous vertical or horizontal membrane with a minimum one-hour rating. The barrier is designed to resist the movement of smoke.

35
Q

Exit Access

Exit Discharge

A

The portion of the means of egress that leads to the entrance of an exit. This is where the travel distance is measured and regulated.

The portion of the egress system between the exit termination and the public way.

36
Q

Dead End Corridor

A

A corridor without an exit at the end. The distance is limited to 20 feet in an unsprinklered building or 50 feet in a fully sprinkled building.

37
Q

Occupant Load Factor

A

Amount of floor area presumed to occupied by one person.

38
Q

Occupant Load

A

The number of persons for which the means of egress of a building or portion thereof is designed. Calculated based on the occupant load table in IBC, occupancy classification of building, and finished square footage of space.

39
Q

Common path of egress travel

A

The portion of an exit that all occupants travel until they get to a point of two separate and distinct paths of egress to different available exits. IBC limits the common path of egress travel from 75’ to 100’, depending on building occupancy group.

40
Q

Minimum width of stairways that are a part of an accessible means of egress?

A

44” with allowable handrail protrusions.

41
Q

Panic Hardware

A

Door hardware that is required in certain occupancy types (in all instances for Group H and for areas with 50 or more occupants in Group A and E) and will be listed in accordance with UL 305, according to IBC 2015. The hardware should be a push pad type and will open in the direction of egress when subjected to pressure.

42
Q

Framing Anchors

A

Any of the various sheet metal connectors for joining light wood frame construction members.

43
Q

Hurricane Anchors

A

A framing anchor for tying a rafter or truss to a wall plate; secures against lateral and uplifting forces; also called a hurricane tie.

44
Q

Joist Hanger

A

Sheet metal fastener used to provide support to a joist or beam and provide a strong connection.

45
Q

Holddown

A

A metal device for restraining a wood frame structure against uplift.

46
Q

Anchor Bolt

A

A bolt that is used to anchor a structure to concrete. Types include expansion, epoxy, l-bolts, and j-bolts.

47
Q

Factor of Safety

A

A ratio of structural capacity to actual applied load. Also called safety factor, it means there is a reserve strength built into the design of a structure.

48
Q

Welded Wire Mesh

A

A prefabricated grid of wires that are welded together. It is used in reinforced concrete construction.

49
Q

Toilet Wax Ring

A

Forms a seal between the discharge port of the toilet and the flange in the floor; prevents the toilet from leaking; must be replaced every time the toilet is taken up.

50
Q

Smoke Compartment

A

In health-care and penal occupancies, smoke compartments allow for defending in place. The area of a smoke compartment is limited to 22,500 SF. Smoke compartments are enclosed on all sides by smoke barriers.

51
Q

Defend in Place

A

Concept used in health-care and penal occupancies where people either can’t or shouldn’t exit on their own in the case of a fire.

52
Q

Fire Escapes

A

Are no longer allowed as a means of egress; older ones are grandfathered in.

53
Q

Common incidental uses that require fire separation or protection

A

Common incidental uses that require fire separation or protection

  • Furnace rooms with equipment over 400,000 BTU
  • Boiler rooms with equipment over 15 psi or 10 hp
  • Incinerator rooms
  • Laundry rooms over 100 sf
  • Paint rooms not classified as H occupancies and not located in an F occupancy
  • Storage rooms over 100 SF in ambulatory care facilities or I-2 occupancies
  • Waste and linen collection rooms over 100 sf in other than ambulatory care facilities or I-2 occupancies(from IBC Table 509)
54
Q

Energy Model

A

A mathematical computer simulation of a building’s energy use for heating, cooling, and lighting used to help choose optimum HVAC and lighting systems. Calculations are based on envelope composition (foundation, wall, and roof construction, insulation, windows, etc.) and assumptions for the HVAC and lighting systems.

55
Q

What are the FHA (Fair Housing Act) requirements regarding accessibility for nonelevator buildings?

A

Only ground floor units are covered. Exempts owner occupied buildings with no more than four units, single-family housing sold or rented without the use of a broker, and housing operated by organizations and private clubs that limit occupancy to members.

56
Q

FHA (Fair Housing Act) design and construction requirements apply to which buildings?

A

They apply to all new multi-family housing consisting of four or more dwelling units, if such buildings have one or more elevators, and all ground floor dwelling units in other buildings containing four or more units. (To be a covered unit, all of the finished living space must be on the same floor, that is, be a single-story). Multi-story dwelling units are not covered by the guidelines, except when they are located in buildings that have one or more elevators, therefore covering the primary entry level.

57
Q

What are the IBC (International Building Code) travel distances for a sprinklered and unsprinklered building?

A

Sprinklered building = 250’

Unsprinklered building = 200’.

58
Q

What are the IBC (International Building Code) corridor and exit width requirements?

A

Corridor: 44” minimum
Door width: an equation of 0.2” x (# of occupants), or 32” minimum;
Stair width: an equation of 0.3” x (number of occupants), or 44” minimum.

59
Q

Contingency

A

A contingency is an amount of money held in reserve in a construction budget to cover costs from unforeseen circumstances. Contingencies are risk management tools and are often expressed as a percent of the total construction cost.

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