11.7 Bone Structure

Question 1

What are the two primary bone shapes?

Answer 1

long
flat

Question 2

What are flat bones?

Answer 2

location of hematopoiesis and important for the protection of organs

Question 3

What are long bones?

Answer 3

important for support and movement

Question 4

What is diaphysis?

Answer 4

main shaft of long bones

Question 5

What is epiphysis?

Answer 5

flared end of long bones

Question 6

What are the two general structures of bone?

Answer 6

compact
spongy

Question 7

What is compact bone?

Answer 7

hard and dense

Question 8

What is spongy bone?

Answer 8

porous bone that is always surrounded by a layer of compact bone

Question 9

What is bone marrow?

Answer 9

non-bony material found in the shafts of long bones and the pores of spongy bones

Question 10

What is red marrow?

Answer 10

found in spongy bone within flat bones; site of hematopoiesis

Question 11

What hormone increases the activity of red marrow?

Answer 11

erythropoietin

Question 12

What is yellow marrow?

Answer 12

found in the shafts of long bones; filled with fat and is inactive

Question 13

What are the two principal ingredients of bone?

Answer 13

collagen
hydroxyapatite

Question 14

What is hydroxyapatite?

Answer 14

solid material consisting of calcium phosphate crystals

Question 15

What is the general structure of spongy bone?

Answer 15

spicules surrounding marrow-containing cavities

Question 16

What is the osteon? What is it also known as?

Answer 16

basic unit of compact bone; Haversian system

Question 17

What is in the center of each osteon?

Answer 17

osteon canal/Haversian canal

Question 18

What does the osteon canal contain?

Answer 18

blood, lymph vessels, and nerves

Question 19

What are lamellae and where are they located?

Answer 19

concentric rings of bone that surround osteon canal