1.14 - Bam Flashcards

1
Q

When did the earthquake take place?

A

December 2003

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2
Q

What was the magnitude of the earthquake?

A

6.6Mw

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3
Q

Which plates meet near Bam?

A

Arabian and Eurasian

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4
Q

How many people were killed?

A

26000

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5
Q

Where is Bam located?

A
  • Southern Iran
  • Located in the desert
  • 190km away from the nearest major town, Kerman
  • On a road connecting Iran to Pakistan
  • Contains the UNESCO Heritage Site of the Arg-e-Bam Citadel
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6
Q

What are most of the buildings in Bam made of?

A
  • Adobe, a mix of earth and organic materials, mainly due to location
  • Some were as old as 2400 years old
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7
Q

What time did the earthquake take place?

A

5:26 am

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8
Q

How many nations sent search and rescue teams to Bam?

A

26

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9
Q

How deep was the earthquake focus?

A

7km, shallow

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10
Q

What issues were there with the buildings?

A
  • The old town of Bam has a high population density
  • in the new city, the buildings are of poor quality as Iranian building code was poorly enforced
  • Wooden buildings in Bam had previously suffered termite infestations (pre-weakening)
  • Buildings built to ancient techniques had very heavy roofs
  • When adobe buildings collapsed, they covered people with a dense blanket of dust, suffocation likely
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11
Q

How was the response affected by the building choices?

A
  • All 3 main hospitals were destroyed to some extent
  • 20% of healthcare professionals were killed by building collapse
  • others were unable to administer medical care as they were injured themselves
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12
Q

What effect did the time of the earthquake have on the death toll?

A
  • Cold temperatures meant most deaths were due to trapped victims succumbing to hypothermia rather than direct crush injuries
  • Early morning meant that most people were asleep, had no way of escaping
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13
Q

Were there any precursors to the earthquake occurring?

A
  • tremors were felt the night before the earthquake, some decided to sleep outside as a result
  • Local authorities did not act on this though
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14
Q

How would have the response been affected by the location?

A
  • Bam is in the arid desert
  • Large variety of temperatures throughout day
  • cold nights, warm days
  • makes rescue hard
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