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Module 11B > 11.2B - Structure - 4q > Flashcards

11.2B - Structure - 4q Flashcards

1
Q

What CS would you find structure requirements for large commercial aircraft?

A
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2
Q

Primary structure is what colour?

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3
Q

Secondary structure is what colour?
Also what types of structure is included (2)

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4
Q

What colour is Tertiary structure?

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5
Q

Water lines are what? (also axis letter)

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6
Q

Buttock lines are what? (also axis letter)

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7
Q

Body stations are what? (also axis letter)

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8
Q

List the Zones 100-800

A
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9
Q

In the zonal numbering system, the third digit is what?

A

Note mistake: 100 = fuselage lower section
200 = fuselage top section
but not related to what was asked

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10
Q

What is the difference between Axial and Transverse loads?

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11
Q

What loads are each of the following subject to?
* Struts
* Ties
* Beams
* Torque Tubes

A
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12
Q

What is Strain?

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13
Q

What is Yield Point?

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14
Q

Truss
Pratt -
Warren

A
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15
Q

Describe a Monocoque structure?

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16
Q

Describe a Semi-Monocoque structure?

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17
Q

In a Bonding check, what should the max resistance be?

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18
Q

Engine Mounts are designed for what kind of movement?

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19
Q

What are the 2 longitudinal structural members?

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20
Q

I Beam takes what kind of loads?

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21
Q

A Spar is what?
(Not the place Brian works)

A
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22
Q

What type of component is a Fail Safe structure?

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23
Q

Wing Upper Skin is what material and able to withstand what kind of loads?

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24
Q

Life of structure is determined by what?

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25
Q

Hi-Lock should be what?

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26
Q

Fillet sealand does what?

A
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27
Q

Bonded Waffler Doubler
2 Benefits?

A
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28
Q

Definition of Faying Surface?

A
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29
Q

What is meant by ‘Crack Stopper’?

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30
Q

What should be done before jacking aircraft?

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31
Q

What are Intercostals?

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32
Q

Symmetry checks are done on what?

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33
Q

Longerons are subject to what 3 forces?

A
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34
Q

What does a Door torque tube do?

A
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35
Q

Passenger seats
Back legs vs front legs?

A
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36
Q

Perspex is resistant to what?

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37
Q

Stringers = What section?

A
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38
Q

Wall mounted seats ae fitted to what?

A
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39
Q

Stringers
* material?
* Property?

A
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40
Q

What is the formula for Hooke’s law?

A
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41
Q

If you short the two prongs with the single prong, the gauge reads?

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42
Q

What size wire should Secondary bonding be done with?

A
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43
Q

Bending is the combination of what 2 forces?

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44
Q

Wing stations are measured from where?

A
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45
Q

What are two stages of a good adhesive bond?

A
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46
Q

Semi-monocoque compression loads are taken by what?

A
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47
Q

Aircraft skin is made from what material?

A
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48
Q

What can be done to protect an alloy?

A
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49
Q

What can be done to protect Magnesium alloy?

A
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50
Q

What does a Joggle joint do?

A
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51
Q

What conditions is painting done under? (temp. + humidity)

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52
Q

Synthetic resin consists of what 3 things?

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53
Q

Where are dents in a tube not permitted?

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54
Q

Bow in a steel tube limits are?

A
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55
Q

Zonal locations are specified by what system?

A
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56
Q

When rigging an aircraft, what should you check?

A
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57
Q

Stressed skin is susceptible to what and is not built for?

A
58
Q

Heavy stringers = ?

A
59
Q

A Bonding test is done with what type of leads/prongs?

A
60
Q

Modern aircraft are what type of construction?

A
61
Q

What is ‘Safe-life’?

A
62
Q

Joints are anodised with what?

A
63
Q
A

in moisture-proof bags

64
Q
A

drill the head with a drill bit the same size or slightly smaller than rivet shank, chisel off the head, and remove the shank with a parallel punch

65
Q
A

to seal the cabin

66
Q
A

simply fit the bolt as they are prelubricated

67
Q
A

according to AMM and SRM chapter 51

68
Q
A

prevent the sealant under it from cracking when flexing takes place

69
Q
A

tear stopper

70
Q
A

Material under repair or in direct contact

71
Q
A

To provide a flush fit and smooth contour

72
Q
A

Blind rivet

73
Q
A

they may be harmful to the aircraft structure

74
Q
A

stringers

75
Q
A

The skin is stiffened by using Stringers and Ribs

76
Q

What is meant by Principal Structural elements (PSE)

A

Contributes significantly to carrying flight, ground, and pressurisation loads, and whose failure could result in the catastrophic failure of the aircraft

77
Q

Members designed to absorb compression loads are generally referred to as ?

A

struts

78
Q

Fuselage structure is designed to handle pressure from ?

A

inside (positive pressure) not from the outside (negative pressure)

79
Q

Pressurisation loads are both ….?

A

transverse and longitudinal
This puts the fuselage skin under ‘double shear’

80
Q

Bucklinh is a damage form that can occur in structural parts imposed to?

A

excessive compression stress

81
Q

Stress is?

A

The capacity of a material to resist a force

Stress = the applied force per unit area (F/A) it can withstand

82
Q

Strain = ?

A

Strain = structural dimensions change

83
Q

Tensile strength = ?

A

max gross stress material withstands before fracture

84
Q

? is also referred to as failsafe design

A

Redundancy is also referred to as failsage design

85
Q

Redundancy / failsafe design
If a critical (or significant) structure fails (fatigue) or is seriously damaged (hazard), a realistic approach is taken to preventing structural breakdown; however, biased by both _____________ and ______________ to avoid unnecessary ________________ and ___________________

A
86
Q

Usually where are the highest loaded members located?

A

The highest loaded members are those located far from the load (they support the weight of other members as well)

87
Q

A wing spar is a ? and ?

A

A wing spar is a beam and primary structure

88
Q

In a beam, where is stress least?

A

The stress is least along the neutral axis

89
Q

Describe the difference between Pratt and Warren Truss designs

A
90
Q

In Pratt and Warren truss design, the horizontal lengths of tubing are called?

A

longerons

91
Q

How was aerodynamic smoothness improved in wooden truss structure?

A
92
Q

Monocoque design means ?

Wooden or metal monocoque structures use?

A

Meaning** ‘single shell’**

Wooden or metal monocoque structures use frames (or rings) to suport the shape of the shell

93
Q

A disadvantage of the monocoque design is?

A

lack of redundancy

94
Q

Stringers are attached to the frames by ?

A

stringer clips

95
Q

Stringer sections are joined by splice fittings.

Since the skin and stringers are working together, they should …

A

be spliced at the same location

96
Q

In pressurised designs, the skin wants to assume ?

A

a radial shape

97
Q

Lap joint is typically used for?
and does not impose severe ?

A

Lap joint is typically used for longitudinal skin joints
and does not impose severe aerodynamic losses

98
Q

The butt joint is typically used for ?

those normal (right angles) to the airflow, to ?

A

The butt joint is typically used for transverse splices, those normal (right angles) to the airflow, to minimise negative aerodynamic effects to the boundary layer

99
Q

? is effective for detection of lap joint corrosion

A

Ultrasonic inspection is effective for detection of lap joint corrosion

100
Q

Wings are designed as ?

A

cantilevers (self carrying)

101
Q

? are the principal load members in a wing.
All structural loads are transferred to this part.

A

Spars

102
Q

? provide the aerodynamic shape of the wing

A

Wing ribs

103
Q

Rivets are usually used in ?

A

shear

104
Q

Threaded fasteners are mostly used in?

A

tension

105
Q

What is fusion bonding in welding?

What two types of welding are non-fusion bonding

A

Fusion bonding - material of both components melts and run together so that when heat is removed the material is continuous across the joint

Soldering and brazing are non-fusion bonding

106
Q

In addition to airframs being strong and as light in weight as possible, it must have?

A

sufficient fatigue strength

107
Q

Traditionally what material is used for tension structure such as lower wing skins?

A

2024-T3 aluminium

108
Q

What material is used for upper wing skin?

A

7075-T6 aluminium

109
Q

What material is used where strength is needed?

A

Stainless steel or titanium is used where strength is needed

110
Q

Frames are like formers but carry some?

A

hoop stresses

Note: frames are considered vertical members

111
Q

Rings are vertical members used to?

A

augment the frames and provide additional stiffness to the skin

Note: They are not as deep as frames

112
Q

Bulkheads are vertical members and differ from frames how?

A

they are solid

113
Q

Stringers are longitudinal members and provide?

A

anti-buckling strength to the skin

114
Q

Disadvantage of welded steel tube fuselage?

A

to give it a streamlined shape, a superstructure must be built around the loadbearing truss

115
Q

Om a truss type structure, all members can carry ?

A

both tensile and compressive loads

116
Q

The true monocoque construction uses formers, frame assemblies and bulkheads to?

A

give shape to the fuselage

117
Q

The stringers are smaller and lighter than longerons and serve as fill-ins. They have some rigidity but are chiefly used for ?

A

giving shape and for attachment of the skin

118
Q

Stringers and longerons prevent ?

Stringers are usually of a ?

A

Stringers and longerons prevent tension and compression from bending the fuselage.

one-piece aluminium alloy construction and are manufactured in a variety of shapes by extrusion

119
Q

What rivets must be used where it is not possible to reach both sides of the structure?

A

special blind rivets

Hi-Lok
Taper-Lok

120
Q

? are non-permanent fasteners

A

Bolts

121
Q

Lightweight materials can be bonded how instead of conventional fastening

A
122
Q

What is probably the most important treatment for aluminium alloys and is produced by electrochemical conversion?

A

Anodising

123
Q

Phosphate coatings - thin adherent phosphate compound coatings

Usually applied to?

A

carbon steel, low -alloy steel

Note: Black in colour

124
Q

Chromate coatings

A

formed by the reaction of water solutions of chromic acid or chromium salts.

The coatings can be applied to aluminium, zinc, cadmium, and magnesium

125
Q

Paint rolling is applied using?

A

a lamb’s wool roller

126
Q

Undiluted solvents should never be allowed to contact what and why?

A

acryllic windows

Crazing is likely to ensue

127
Q

Aeroplanes operated in salt air marine environments will be subject to what?

A

increased frequency of aeroplane washing and lubrication procedures, engine compressor washing etc

128
Q

Acrylic windos should be washed with ?

A

soap or a mild detergent in warm water

129
Q

A ? is carried out on an aeroplane structure primarily to check whether any distortion has taken place, especially regarding the tail boom (bend or twist) and the horizontal and/or vertical stabiliser. This may be carried out after an event such as a ?

A

A symmetry check is carried out on an aeroplane structure primarily to check whether any distortion has taken place, especially regarding the tail boom (bend or twist) and the horizontal and/or vertical stabiliser. This may be carried out after an event such as a heavy landing.

130
Q

Longitudinal levelling is done?

A

by means of jacks or trestles, depending on the aeroplane type, with the wheels just clear of the ground

131
Q
A

The vertical line along the aircraft

132
Q
A

Lightning diverter strip

133
Q
A

Carries tensile loads

134
Q
A

Both of the above are correct

135
Q
A

Rib used to increase strength at parts of the wing which may hit birds

136
Q
A

245 inche from the datum line of the aircraft and 45 inches from the centreline of the right wing

137
Q
A

Diverter strips

138
Q
A

Flying Hours

139
Q
A

Tension, compression, torsion and shear

140
Q
A

Take off and landings

(could be a but note c more right as Take off and landings = cycles)

141
Q
A

flying hours

Module 11B (42 decks)

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