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XT NOTES > 112 EXAM 3 > Flashcards

112 EXAM 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Adjustments in mAs should be used to control IR

A

exposure.

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2
Q

All factors remaining constant, which of the following set of exposure conditions would yield the GREATEST image receptor exposure?
a. 100 mA, .75 sec, 40” SID
b. 300 mA, .25 sec, 44” SID
c. 600 mA, 125 ms, 40” SID
d. 400 mA, 200 ms, 40” SID

A

400 mA, 200 ms, 40” SID

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3
Q

All factors remaining constant, which of the following set of exposure conditions would yield an image with the HIGHEST image receptor (IR) exposure?
a. 100 mA, .75 sec, 40” SID, 70 kVp
b. 150 mA, .25 sec, 44” SID, 80 kVp
c. 300 mA, 125 ms, 40” SID, 70 kVp
d. 400 mA, 187 ms, 56” SID, 88 kVp

A

400 mA, 187 ms, 56” SID, 88 kVp

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4
Q

An increase in kVp by 15 percent will cause an approximate ____ in the exposure to the receptor
a. 15 percent increase
b. tripling
c. doubling
d. quadrupling

A

doubling

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5
Q

As the mA doubles, the number of electrons flowing from cathode to anode
a. increases fourfold.
b. increases twofold.
c. decreases twofold.
d. increases by 50 percent.

A

increases twofold

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6
Q

If kVp is doubled, the amount of x-ray photons created approximately increases

A

fourfold.

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7
Q

If the mAs of a radiograph is increased from 10 to 20, the result will be

A

a decrease in patient exposure.

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8
Q

In order to increase image receptor (IR) exposure by 40 percent, the radiographer would

A

change the mAs from 15 to 21 mAs.

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9
Q

Increasing the energy of an incident electron will result in the production of an x-ray photon with

A

greater energy.

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10
Q

Kilovoltage is the primary controlling factor of

A

x-ray beam quality.

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11
Q

Milliamperage-second (mAs) directly affects all of the following EXCEPT.
a. beam quantity.
b. beam intensity.
c. beam quality.
d. x-ray output.

A

beam quality.

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12
Q

The factors that affect x-ray emission under the direct control of the radiographer are called the ____ factors.

A

prime

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13
Q

The factors that directly affect x-ray quality are

A

kVp and beam filtration.

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14
Q

The length of the exposure time (S) for a radiograph, is used to primarily control

A

motion distortion.

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15
Q

The primary factor controlling x-ray beam quantity is determined by

A

mAs.

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16
Q

The prime factors include all of the following EXCEPT
a. filtration.
b. mAs.
c. kVp.
d. distance.

A

filtration

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17
Q

The product of tube current and exposure time is equal to

A

x-ray beam quantity.

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18
Q

The relationship between mAs and exposure is

A

directly proportional

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19
Q

The relationship between the intensity of radiation and distance is the

A

inverse square law

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20
Q

Total x-ray beam quality is numerically represented by the

A

HVL.

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21
Q

Which of the following sets of exposure factors would best control involuntary motion?

A

500 mA, 18 ms

22
Q

X-ray beam penetrability is primarily controlled by

A

kVp.

23
Q

A compensating wedge filter would be appropriate for

A

AP foot radiography.

24
Q

A Thoraeus filter combines all of the following materials EXCEPT
a. silver.
b. copper.
c. tin.
d. aluminum.

A

silver.

25
Q

All filtration can be expressed in terms of the thickness of _________ equivalency.

A

aluminum.

26
Q

All of the following are true of K-edge filters EXCEPT
a. They are also called compound filters.
b. Copper and aluminum are the materials of choice.
c. They rely on photoelectric interactions and the production of characteristic radiation.
d. The x-ray beam traverses aluminum first, followed by the copper layer.

A

The x-ray beam traverses aluminum first, followed by the copper layer.

27
Q

Beam filtration does what to patient dose?

A

It decreases patient dose.

28
Q

Filtration is the process of eliminating undesirable ____ by the insertion of absorbing materials into the primary beam.

A

low-energy x-ray photons

29
Q

Filtration permits the radiographer to ____ the photon emission spectrum into a more useful beam.

A

narrow

30
Q

For an x-ray beam operated at 80 kVp,

A

the beam is harder than a 60 kVp beam.

31
Q

For an x-ray beam operated at 90 kVp, the required minimum filtration must be

A

1.0 mm Al/Eq inherent plus 1.5 mm Al/Eq added.

32
Q

How many half-value layers must be added to the primary beam to reduce its intensity to less than 20 percent of its original value?

A

3

33
Q

If the half-value layer of diagnostic radiographic equipment is too low, it may be corrected by

A

increasing the primary beam filtration.

34
Q

In general, low-energy x-ray photons

A

are absorbed by the patient.

35
Q

In mammography tubes, the glass window of the tube is replaced with __________ to reduce patient skin exposure.

A

beryllium

36
Q

Most of the inherent filtration of a typical x-ray equipment comes from the

A

window of the glass envelope

37
Q

The amount of material that will reduce the intensity of the primary beam to one-half its original value is termed the

A

half-value layer.

38
Q

The build-up of tungsten deposits on the inside of an aged x-ray tube adds to the

A

inherent filtration

39
Q

The collimator device is considered part of the ____ filtration.

A

added

40
Q

The half-value layer is typically expressed in

A

Al/Eq.

41
Q

The most common diagnostic x-ray beam filter material is

A

aluminum.

42
Q

The problem of uneven image receptor exposure due the heel effect is solved by a

A

compensation filter.

43
Q

Total beam filtration is equal to the sum of ____ filtration.

A

inherent and added

44
Q

What term describes filtration that is part of the x-ray tube, the tube housing, and the collimation device?

A

inherent

45
Q

When comparing two x-ray beams, one at 60 kVp and another at 85 kVp,
a. adding aluminum to the 60 kVp beam greatly reduces the skin dose to the patient.
b. the 85 kVp beam will offer a lower entrance skin exposure.
c. adding 0.5 mm of aluminum to the 85 kVp beam will require no additional mAs in order to maintain beam intensity.

A

all of them

46
Q

When looking to purchase an x-ray tube, output of tubes can be measured by looking at the tube’s published

A

HVL

47
Q

Which of the following are considered filter media as the beam traverses toward the patient?

A

a. glass
b. dielectric oil
c. aluminum

48
Q

Which of the following filtrations would result in the lowest entrance skin exposure to the patient?

A

1.0 Al/Eq

49
Q

Which of the following is affected by half-layer value?

A

patient skin exposure

50
Q

Which one of the following compensating filters is used most commonly in the radiography of femur?

A

wedge

XT NOTES (24 decks)

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