11.1: Photosynthesis Flashcards
Main photosynthetic structure in eukaryotic plants
leaf
Chloroplasts
cellular organelles where photosynthesis occurs
Overall symbol equation for photosynthesis
6CO2 + 6H2O > C6H12O6 + 6O2
Overall word equation for photosynthesis
carbon dioxide and water > glucose and oxygen
Main stages in photosynthesis
3
- capturing of light energy
- the light-dependent reaction
- the light-independent reaction
Grana
Stacks of up to 100 thylakoids
Thylakoids
disc like structures that make up the grana
Tubular extensions
some thylakoids have tubular extensions that join up with thylakoids in adjacent grana
Where is chlorophyll found in chloroplasts
thylakoids
Stroma
fluid-filled matrix where light-independent stage of photosynthesis occurs
Structures found in the stroma
starch grains
Light-dependent reaction
Involves the capture of light whose energy is used for two purposes
Uses of energy captured from light in light-dependent reaction
2
- forming ATP from ADP and Pi
- photolysis
Photolysis
Replacement electrons for the ionised chlorophyll molecule are provided by water molecules that are split by light
Photolysis equation
2H2O > 4H+ + 4e- + O2
Reduction
the gain of electrons or hydrogen or the loss of oxygen
Oxidation
the loss of electrons or hydrogen or the gain of oxygen
OILRIG
oxidation is loss, reduction is gain
Photoionisation
A chlorophyll molecule absorbs light energy which boosts a pair of electrons to a higher energy level and the electrons are in an excited state causing them to leave the molecule which ionises the chlorophyll molecule.
Chemiosmotic theory
The mechanism by which ATP is produced.
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