1.11 - Catania Flashcards

1
Q

Where is Catania?

A

East Coast of Sicily, base of Mt Etna

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2
Q

When was Mt Etna’s last major eruption?

A

2006

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3
Q

What are some benefits of living in Catania?

A

Fertile soil and vineyards

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4
Q

What are some disadvantages of living in Catania?

A

Hugely vulnerable to eruptions and earthquakes, particularly lava flows

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5
Q

What is majorly disrupted by an eruption?

A

Catania airport can be closed

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6
Q

What are the four stages of the Hazard Management Cycle?

A

Response
Recovery
Mitigation
Preparedness

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7
Q

What are some examples of vulnerable infrastructure Catania has?

A
  • Sapienza Ski Refuge
  • The Round Etna Railway
  • Catania Airport
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8
Q

What are some examples of vulnerable communities Catania has?

A
  • rural communities- vineyards, olive groves Mediterranean agriculture on rich volcanic soil
  • main roads around the edge of the island to Palermo and Messina Docks (to mainland Italy)
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9
Q

How is Catania’s summer tourism affected?

A
  • ash is waterproof and very difficult to remove

- but Catania have built earth barriers / explosives to redirect lava flow

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10
Q

What does Catania require from the Italian government?

A

Financial assistance, £5-6 million to account for losses in tourism and agriculture

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11
Q

What do scientists do?

A

Use a multi-component gas analyser system to look for pre-eruptive degreasing of rising magmas

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12
Q

Why is it extremely difficult to decide who is responsible for what?

A

10 municipalities meet at one point

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13
Q

What are some examples of physical factors that can affect response to a hazard?

A
  • geographical accessibility of location
  • type of hazard - scale, impact, magnitude, frequency
  • topography of region (e.g mountainous)
  • climate (e.g. monsoon rain causes access problems)
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14
Q

What are some human factors that affect response?

A
  • population density
  • economic wealth and level of dependence
  • degree of community preparedness
  • technological resources and scientific understanding
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15
Q

Why does Sicily struggle to cope with eruptions?

A
  • Each eruption is difficult since the crust fracture points are in different places and so lava viscosity and gas eruptions vary
  • unexpected timings of minor eruptions
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16
Q

What does Sicily struggle to cope regarding technology?

A

Computer modelling is not always accurate

17
Q

Why is it difficult having a municipality government?

A

Politics of deciding who has responsibility