Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PA3201 final > Digestive Patho > Flashcards

Digestive Patho Flashcards

1
Q

What causes ulcers in the mouth

A
  • viral inf
  • Ulcerative colitis
  • Chron’s
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Common fungal, bac and viral inf of the mouth

A

Fungal- Canada albicans (thrush)

Bacterial- Coryneym diphterium, strep progenies, staphylococcus

Viral- Usually due to herpes, mumps, cocksackie

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

3 major causes of tooth discoloration

A

Tetracycline
Excessive fluoride (white discolouration)
Congenital erythropoietin porphyria (red/brown)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

causes of vomitting

A
  • non specific symptom*
  • Gatroenteritis
  • Appendicitis
  • Pyloric stenosis
  • Stenosiing gastic cancer
  • intestinal obstruction
  • gastroparesis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Blood in vommiting?

A

any amount is med emergency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Fresh blood w clots vs ground coffee color bleed loc

A

fresh- mc esophageal bleed

Ground coffee- Mc from stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

GI causes of back pain

A 
Peptic ulcer disease
Small bowel pathology
Large bowel pathology
Pancreatic and duodenal pathology
Gall bladder pathology
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the congenital pathologies of the esophagus

A

Atresia- failure of embryological canalization (absent esophagus)

Agenesis- failure to develop esophagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a hiatus hernia + what is it common in

A

protrusion of upper part of the stomach into the thorax via the diaphragmatic orifice

-in 25% of people undergoing investigation for dyspepsia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Why do hiatus hernias happen

A

Often due to increased intrabdomial pressure and loss of diaphragmatic mm tone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are esophageal varices

A

Varices are localized dilations of veisn in lower 3rd of esophagus
-Acute hemorrhage is a frequent complication of esophageal varices

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is mallory weiss tear

A

Rupture of the esophageal mucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is boerhaave syndrome

A

Perforation of the whole thickness of the esophageal wall

Related to repeated retching, forceful vomiting or trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is Barretts esophagus, what causes it and what does it lead to an increased risk for

A

Long term consequence of reflux (GERD)

-Increased risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Histology of barrets esophagus

A

Intestinal metaplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

2 types of esophageal cancers

A

Squamus carcinoma- arising from squamus cells

adenocarcinoma- arising from glandular cells

17
Q

Main risk factors of squamous carcinoma

A

tabacco
alcohol
nitrosamine
vit def

18
Q

adenocarcinoma causes/risk factors

A
  • Prevelent in males

- GERD and barrets esophagus are the mc predisposing risk factors for the development of esophageal adenocarcinoma

19
Q

What is pyloric stenosis and when does it usually present

A

Idiopathic hypertrophy of the circular pyloric mm coat causing an outflow obstruction of the stomach
-present 2-3 w after birth

20
Q

What is erosive gastritis

A

when the superficial mucosa gets eroded away

21
Q

Potential causes of peptic ulcer disease + mc

A 
Smoking
spicy food
Stress
H pylori (MC, 85%)
NSAIDs
Chronic use of steroids
22
Q

What is zollinger Ellison syndrome

A

Rare digestive disorder that results in too much gastuc acid

-excess gastric acid can cause peptic ulcers in the stomach and intestine

23
Q

Complications of a peptic ulcer (if thru mucosal wall/duodenum)

A

Mucosal wall- causes perforation of the left gastric artery

Duodenum- Perforation of gastro duodenal artery

24
Q

Other complications of peptic ulcer

A 
Gastric malignancy
Stomach perforation (ulcer is so deep that it penetrates mucosal, muscular and serosal layers and eventually causes hole in viscous organ of stomach
25
Q

What type of anemia is gastritis associated w

A

Pernicious anemia

-chronic atrophic gastritis is associate with autoantibodies that block or bind intrinsic factor

26
Q

What are the benign gastric tumors

A

Polyp- result of excessive reparative or regenerative process

Tubular adenomas- benign neoplastic epithelial lesions w dysplasia most common in antrum

27
Q

What is the majority of carcinoma of the stomach and what do many people have that get them

A

Majority are adenocarcinomas

-many arise on a background of chronic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia

28
Q

How should you treat gastric ulcers

A

must be regareded as pot malignant until proven otherwise

29
Q

How do dx early vs advanced gastric cancer

A
  • Tumor growth confined to mucosa or submucosa is classified as early
  • Growth into the muscularis propria and beyond is classified as advanced
30
Q

What is kkrikenberg tumor

A

Gastric carcinoma metasasis to the ovaries

PA3201 final (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions