110314 devo

Question 1

what develops from intermediate mesoderm?

Answer 1

kidney
calyces
pelvis
ureter

Question 2

what develops from endoderm?

Answer 2

epithelial lining of urinary bladder and urethra

Question 3

where does the smooth muscle and CT in walls of urinary bladder and urethra come from?

Answer 3

splanchnic mesoderm

Question 4

what does the intermediate mesoderm form?

Answer 4

nephrogenic cord (later called the urogenital ridge)

Question 5

mesonephric duct

Answer 5

forms within the nephrogenic cord/ridge in the thoracolumbar region of the embryo

Question 6

mesonephric kidney

Answer 6

transient functional structure
formed within the nephrogenic cord in thoracolumbar reigon of embryo

composed of mesonephric duct and mesonephric tubules

Question 7

mesonephric tubules

Answer 7

immature nephrons

Question 8

what are the two precursors of the metanephric kidney

Answer 8

metanephric diverticulum

metanephrogenic mesenchyme

Question 9

where does the metanephric diverticulum come from?

Answer 9

nephrogenic duct

Question 10

Potters syndrome

Answer 10

renal agenesis
severe urinary obstruction
facial compression, growth retardation, limb deformities

Question 11

oligohydramnios

Answer 11

too little amniotic fluid

Question 12

what is oligohydramnios associated w

Answer 12

renal agenesis
polycystic kidney disease
urethral obstruction

Question 13

what is a key signaling center for nephron induction?

Answer 13

ampulla–expanded tips of the metanephric diverticulum

Question 14

what do signals from ampulla cause?

Answer 14

metanephrogenic mesenchyme to aggregate and form an epithelial vesicle

Question 15

metanephrogenic mesenchyme

Answer 15

accumulation of mesenchyme at caudal end of nephrogenic ridge

Question 16

multicystic dysplastic kidney is unilateral or bilateral usually?

Answer 16

unilateral

polycistic kidney dis is bilateral

Question 17

multicystic dysplastic kidney

Answer 17

non genetic
multiple cysts of various sizes
non-functioning
pathology-primitive ductules and cartilage, atretic ureter

will usually regress

Question 18

what is there the potential for with multicystic dysplastic kidney?

Answer 18

abnormalities of contralateral kidney, such as vesicoureteral reflux

HTN

Question 19

how does the collecting duct, calyces, pelvis, and ureter form?

Answer 19

remodeling and differential growth of the branching metanephric diverticulum

Question 20

cloaca is subdivided by

Answer 20

urorectal septum

the primary (primitive) UG sinus is located ventrally

Question 21

how does bladder develop?

Answer 21

cranial part of the UG sinus forms urinary bladder and urethra (part)

Question 22

in males, how does the vas deferens develop?

Answer 22

mesoneprhic ducts open into urethra rather than urinary bladder (the mesonephric duct distal to metanephric diverticulum becomes the vas deferens)

Question 23

urachus

Answer 23

remnant of the allantois

normally becomes the median umbilical ligament

Question 24

exstrophy of bladder

Answer 24

defect of ventral abd wall
lining of bladder and urethra is open to surface
babies typically healthy
surgery performed shortly after birth

Question 25

ureteral reflux

Answer 25

the higher the grade of reflux, the greater the risk for scarring, the more abnormal anatomy is, spontaneous resolution is less likely, surgical intervention may be needed can lead to recurrent kidney infections

Question 26

caudal part of UG sinus forms what part of the urethra of male?

Answer 26

proximal portion of prostatic urethra

Question 27

definitive UG sinus

Answer 27

pelvic portion and phallic portion--contribute to the distal prostatic and membranous urethra in males

Question 28

atresia of urethra is associated with

Answer 28

urinary obstruction | Prune belly syndrome

Question 29

posterior urethral valves

Answer 29

mucosal folds which obstruct the lumen of urethra common cause of renal failure in boys occurs in males ONLY leads to renal dysplasia small echo-bright kidneys

Question 30

when does metanephric (mature) kidney begin to form?

Answer 30

week 5

Question 31

glomeruli are derived from

Answer 31

sprouts of intersegmental arteries