110 Seamanship Flashcards
What are the two rules of the road?
International - applies to vessels on high seas
Inland - applies to all vessels upon inland waters of US
Boat nomenclature and Terminology: Bow
Front Section of a ship
Boat nomenclature and Terminology: Stern
The rear part of the ship
Boat nomenclature and Terminology: Port
Left Hand side
Boat nomenclature and Terminology: Starboard
Right Hand side
Boat nomenclature and Terminology: Amidships
At near or towards the center of a vessel
Boat nomenclature and Terminology: Athwarthships
from one side to the other of a vessel at right angles to the keel.
Boat nomenclature and Terminology: Fore and Aft
Fore - at or towards a ship or boats bow
Aft - at or towards a ship or boats stern
Boat nomenclature and Terminology: Beam and Draft
Beam - the width at the widest part of a ship
Draft - the depth of water the ship or boat draws
Describe the required vessel lights and how to correctly interpret them:
- Masthead Light
- Sidelight
Masthead light - white light with an arc of 225°
Sidelights - green to stbd
- red port
- unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of
112. 5 °
Describe the required vessel lights and how to correctly interpret them:
- Stern Light
- Interpretation
Stern light - white light at stern with arc of 135°
Interpretation - Mast and both sidelights are visible you are in a meeting situation.
-mast and one side light visible, overtaking or crossing
Describe the required vessel lights and how to correctly interpret them:
- Towing Light
- All-round light
Towing Light - Same as the stern light but yellow
All-round Light - Light with an arc of 360°
Describe the vessel lights:
- Flashing Light
- Special Flashing Light
Flashing - Light flashing at regular intervals at a frequency of 120 flashes or more per minute
Special - flashing yellow, with no less than 180° or more than 225°
Actions for vessels within sight of each other: Overtaking
Keep out of way of vessel being overtaken
coming up on another vessel from a direction of more than 22.5°about her beam
Actions for vessels within sight of each other:
- Head-On
- Crossing
Head On - Alter course Starboard so ships pass each other on the port side
Crossing - A vessel which has the other on her Starboard, shall keep out of the way
Navigational General Definitions:
-Restricted Visibility
Restricted Visibility - Any condition low vis Fog, Mist, Rainstorm
Navigational General Definitions:
-Vessel Constrained by Draft
Restricts a vessel from deviating the current course she is on
Define Vessel Restricted in Ability to manuever
A vessel which is restricted in her ability to maneuver, therefore unable to keep out the way of another vessel
Define the following:
-Vessel not under command
Vessel which through some exceptional circumstance is unable to maneuver, therefore unable to keep out of the way of another vessel
Define the following:
-Power Driven Vessel
Any vessel propelled by machinery
Define the following:
-Short and Prolonged Blast
Short - about 1 second in duration
Long - from four to six seconds in duration
Navigational General Definitions:
- Bell
- Gong
Bell - Vessels 12 meters or more in length
Gong - Vessels that are 100 meters or more in length
Define the following:
- High Tide
- Low Tide
High Tide - The maximum height of the water resulting from rising tide
Low Tide - minimum height of water resulting from outgoing tide
Define the following terms:
- mean High Water
- mean Low Water
Mean High - Average height of all high tide water in 19yrs
mean Low - average low tie water height in 19 years
Define the following terms:
-Spring Tide
When Sun and Moon are in line with the earth - high ties higher, low ties lower
Define the following terms:
-Neap Tide
Sun and Moon are 90° apart (causing lower than normal high and low tides)
Define the following:
-Flood Current
When the water is going towards shore
Define the following:
-Ebb Current
When the water is heading away from shore
Define the following terms:
-Slack Water
The period of time in which there is little to no current
Define the following terms:
-Set
Direction which current is flowing
Define the following terms:
-Drift
Velocity or speed of current
Effects of Forces against boat handling:
-Propeller Action
drawn from around the blade
-low pressure up front
-high pressure in back
boat moves towards lower pressure
Effects of Forces against boat handling:
-Screw Current
Water flow through propellers, suction screw then thrust flow much stronger
Effects of Forces against boat handling:
-Side Force
Right hand screw moves right (Starboard)
Left hand screw moves left (Port)
Effects of Forces against boat handling:
-Cavitations
Air mixed with water
Fix: slow rpm, to allow air out then gradually increase speed
Effects of Forces against boat handling:
-Rudder Actions
used to steer a vessel in a desired direction by increasing pressure in one side
Effects of Environmental Conditions:
- Wind
- Seas
- Current
Wind - any portion above water
Seas- a product of wind acting on surface of water, affect handling
Currents - acts on vessels underwater flow, causes drift over ground
Define the following Compass errors: Variation
offset from true geographic north to magnetic north
Define the following Compass errors: Deviation
the amount of deflection caused by vessel and its electronics on or near a compass
Compass course on a Chart
Place ruler along desired course, walk them to a compass rose to determine:
- magnetic north and true north
Navigational Terms:
-A line of position
Visual range or line determined using an object located in front of you
Navigational Terms:
-Dead Reckoning
determine approximate position by applying speed, time, and course from last know position
Navigational Terms:
-Compass Bearing
a direction expressed in degrees from a reference point using a magnetic compass
Navigational Terms:
-Relative Bearing
direction from the boats bow at 0° measured clockwise thru 360°
Navigational Terms:
-Fix
Known position
