1.10 & 1.11 Food Poisoning

Question 1

Gram-negative, facultative anaerobe, some strains ferment lactose

Answer 1

Escherichia coli

Question 2

Gram-negative, non-lactose fermenter, motile, common in contaminated food/water

Answer 2

Salmonella enterica

Question 3

Gram-negative, non-motile, causes dysentery with bloody diarrhea

Answer 3

Shigella

Question 4

Gram-negative, S-shaped, microaerophilic; common in poultry.

Answer 4

Campylobacter jejuni

Question 5

Gram-negative, comma-shaped, causes cholera with severe watery diarrhea.

Answer 5

Vibrio cholerae

Question 6

Gram-positive, spore-forming anaerobe

Answer 6

Clostridium perfringens

Question 7

Gram-positive, spore-forming facultative anaerobe

Answer 7

Bacillus cereus

Question 8

Gram-positive, catalase-positive, coagulase-positive

Answer 8

Staphylococcus aureus

Question 9

Gram-positive, intracellular pathogen

Answer 9

Listeria monocytogenes

Question 10

Gram-negative, causes bloody diarrhea

Answer 10

Yersinia enterocolitica

Question 11

Gram-positive, spore-forming, produces botulinum toxin

Answer 11

Clostridium botulinum

Question 12

Symptoms onset time 1-8 hours

Answer 12

Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus (toxins)

Question 13

Symptoms onset time 6-48 hours

Answer 13

Salmonella, ETEC, Shigella, Campylobacter

Question 14

Symptoms onset time 16-72 hours

Answer 14

Vibrio cholerae

Question 15

Symptoms onset time 1-11 days

Answer 15

Yersinia enterocolitica

Question 16

Symptoms onset time 3-8 days

Answer 16

STEC (bloody diarrhea)

Question 17

Symptoms onset time 18-36 hours

Answer 17

Botulism (paralysis)

Question 18

What diagnostic procedures are used to identify Vibrio

Answer 18

TCBS (culture)

Question 19

What diagnostic procedures are used to identify Salmonella/Shigella

Answer 19

Hektoen culture

Question 20

What diagnostic procedures are used to identify Campylobacter

Answer 20

Gram staining and darkfield

Question 21

What diagnostic procedures are used to identify Toxins

Answer 21

ELISA, PCR for toxins (e.g., shiga toxin, cholera toxin)

Question 22

What are blood cultures used to identify

Answer 22

systemic pathogens like Yersinia or enteric fever (Salmonella Typhi)

Question 23

Toxin that inhibits protein synthesis by targeting ribosomes; can induce apoptosis?

Answer 23

Shiga toxin (STEC, Shigella dysenteriae)

Question 24

Toxin that activates adenylate cyclase, increasing cAMP and causing Cl⁻ and water efflux?

Answer 24

Cholera toxin (V. cholerae)

Question 25

Toxin similar to cholera toxin; ADP-ribosylates G protein?

Answer 25

Heat-labile toxin (LT, ETEC)

Question 26

Toxin that blocks acetylcholine release at nerve terminals, causing paralysis

Answer 26

Botulinum toxin (C. botulinum)

Question 27

Toxin that stimulate gut epithelial cells, causing rapid nausea/vomiting or diarrhea?

Answer 27

Enterotoxins (B. cereus, S. aureus)

Question 28

toxin that helps escape phagosome, allowing intracellular survival?

Answer 28

Listeriolysin O (L. monocytogenes)