11) The End Of The Plains Indians

Question 1

When were the buffalo hunted almost to extinction

Answer 1

Between 1840 and 1885

There were about 13 million in 1840 and 200 In 1885

Question 2

Why were the buffalo destroyed? (3 reasons)

Answer 2

Hunting for sport

Hunting for hides

Hunting for bones

Question 3

Hunting for sport effects

Answer 3

Excursion trains were run to take people to shoot buffalo for fun, buffalo hunters were employed to keep the workers supplied with meat

Question 4

Hunting for hides-

Answer 4

In 1871 high quality leather could be made from buffalo hide
Buffalo hide prices went up
Railroads could transport hides
The government:army provided the hunters with ammunition and powerful weapons
They were very effective

Question 5

When was the southern hers destroyed by?

Answer 5

1875

Question 6

When was the northern herd destroyed by

Answer 6

1883

Question 7

What was home used for?

Answer 7

Buttons, fertiliser, combs, and hooves for glue

Question 8

What did the destruction of buffalo mean for the Indians

Answer 8

They could not longer hunt for food, culture destroyed and starvation- had to rely on the whites completely

Question 9

When was a reservation system introduced

Answer 9

1825 onwards

Question 10

What were reservations for?

Answer 10

To keep Indians away from homesteaders and ranchers- they could still hunt and would farm

Question 11

When were the Indians no longer allows to leave the reservations

Answer 11

In the 1860s and 70s

Question 12

What were the reservations like?

Answer 12

Bad land that farmers didn’t want, treated very badly by the Indian agencies( housing monies stolen, food rations not good and jot medical treatment)

Question 13

Destruction of culture- territorial

Answer 13

Series of laws spilt the Sioux up into smaller groups

Question 14

Destruction of culture- political

Answer 14

Indians lost any power to punish members in 1885

Communal reservation lands were broken into individual plots

1887 Dawes allotment act made them self sufficient, not chief and dissolved their power

Question 15

Destruction of culture - religious

Answer 15

All feasts, dances and ceremonies were banned, medicine men were undermined

Question 16

Destruction of culture - education

Answer 16

Children were taken to boarding school and they were made assimilated to be Christian and have no respect for their traditional way of life

Question 17

When and what was the ghost dance

Answer 17

1889, created by a holy man Wovoka- he said that he had a vision that if they danced the ghost dance a new work world come

Question 18

Why was the ghost dance popular

Answer 18

People needed hope, they were starving, they thought their loved ones where going to come back

Question 19

How did sitting bull die?

Answer 19

He was arrested outside his cabin, and scuffle broke out and an Indian police shot him dead- mayhem broke out

Question 20

the battle at wounded knee- 28th/ 29th December 1890 who was involved

Answer 20

The seventh cavalry (revenge for LBH?) and big foot and his band

Question 21

the battle at wounded knee- how many died?

Answer 21

146 Indians and 25 soldiers

Question 22

battle at wounded knee- why was this significant

Answer 22

All died (freezing winter and weak, they had no energy) it was the end of the plains wars and the Indians