11. myelodysplastische Syndrome Flashcards

1
Q

(MDS)

Pathophysiologie

A

klonale Proliferation hämatopoetischer Stammzellen

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2
Q

(MDS)

Ätiologie

A
  • primäre
  • sekundäre
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3
Q

(MDS)

Differenzialdiagnosen (2)

A
  • andere Anämie-Formen
  • andere hämatologische Neoplasien
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4
Q

(MDS)

Leitsymptome (3)

A
  • Schwäche
  • Infektions- und Blutungsneigung
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5
Q

(MDS)

Befund

A

Hepatosplenomegalie

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6
Q

(MDS)

Leitbefund im Blutbild

A

Zytopenien

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7
Q

(MDS)

häufigste Zytopenie

A

normo- bis makrozytäre Anämie

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8
Q

(MDS)

andere Zytopenien (2)

A
  • Leukozytopenie
  • Thrombozytopenie
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9
Q

(MDS)

Goldstandard

A

Knochenmarkbiopsie

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10
Q

(MDS)

Knochenmarkbiopsie: Befunde (2)

A
  • Zytologie: Dysplasie
  • Zellularität: hyperzullulär
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11
Q

(MDS)

Therapieentscheidung

A
  • niedrigrisiko-MDS
  • hochrisiko-MDS
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12
Q

(MDS)

niedrigrisiko-MDS-Therapie bei Asymptomatik

A

“Watch and wait”

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13
Q

(MDS)

niedrigrisiko-MDS-Therapiemöglichkeiten bei Symptomatik

A
  • supportive Therapie
  • ggf. MDS-spezifische Therapie
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14
Q

(MDS)

niedrigrisiko-MDS-spezifische-Therapiemöglichkeiten (3)

A
  • Lenalidomid
  • Luspatercept
  • Antithymozytenglobulin + Ciclosporin
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15
Q

(MDS)

hochrisiko-MDS-Therapiemöglichkeiten (2)

A
  • supportive Therapie
  • MDS-spezifische Therapie
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16
Q

(MDS)

hochrisiko-MDS-spezifische-Therapie

A

allogene Stammzelltransplantation