Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Systemic Disease > 11. Infections 3: Viral, Venereal, Inflammation and Unknown > Flashcards

11. Infections 3: Viral, Venereal, Inflammation and Unknown Flashcards

1
Q

Enveloped viruses induce what types of hypersensitivity?

A

4 - cell mediated

3 - antibody mediated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Non-enveloped viruses induce what type of hypersensitivity?

A

3 - antibody production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What type of viruses are retro viruses?

A

Enveloped

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How do viruses replicate?

A

Use the transcriptase enzyme to replicate the host’s DNA from its RNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What characterizes category A HIV/AIDS CD4 + Lymphocyte?

A

CD4 > 500

Persistent generalized lymphadenopathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What characterizes category B HIV/AIDS CD4 + Lymphocyte?

A

CD4 200-500
Oropharngeal candida
Hairy leukoplakia (oral)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What characterizes category C HIV/AIDS CD4 + Lymphocyte?

A 
CD4 <200
CMV retinitis
Kaposi's sarcoma
Lymphoma
Pneumocystis carnii
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the ocular signs and symptoms of HIV/AIDS?

A

HIV related vasculopathy

  • Conj vascular sludging
  • CWS
  • Intra-retinal hemes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How is CMV retinits described?

A

Brush fire

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is PORN?

A

Outer retinal necrosis leading to full thickness tissue necrosis with minimal or no vitritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Who gets PORN?

A

Immunodeficient patients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does the vitreous look like in PORN?

A

Clear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What typifies acute retinal necrosis syndrome (ARN)?

A

Orbital pain and decreased VA
Vitritis
Healthy patients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What do the histological lesions from CMV look like?

A

Classic Owl’s eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the ocular signs/symptoms of active CMV?

A

Necrotizing retinits

Smouldering borders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is has less severe retinal disease in CMV, acquired or congenital?

A

Congenital

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the common signs associated with congenital HSV?

A

*Microcephaly
Skin vesicles
Intra-uterine growth retardation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the ocular signs and symptoms of congenital HSV?

A

Posterior lenticular opacification
Microphthalmia
Microcornea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the common ocular signs/symptoms of neonatal HSV?

A

*Periocular skin disease

Vit inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the signs/symptoms of primary HSV?

A

Acute follicular conjunctivitis

Initial episode of the superficial cornea that then affects the eyelid or conjunctiva

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What type of keratitis may occur in recurrent HSV?

A

Necrotizing stromal keratitis (neurotrophic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How is Mumps spread?

A

Airborne respiratory droplets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the systemic signs/symptoms of mumps?

A

Hearing loss
CN palsy
Guillain-Barre syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the ocular signs/symptoms of mumps?

A 
Acute dacryoadenitis
Conjunctivitis, episcleritis, scleritis
Disciform stromal keratitis
Uveitis
Retina: AMPPE, choroiditis
Neuritis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What labs can be done for mumps?
ELISA
26
What 3 viruses can cause disciform keratitis?
Herpes zoster Mumps Varicella
27
What are the systemic signs/symptoms of congenital rubella?
Bilateral hearing loss Mental retardataion Meningitis Dental hypoplasia
28
What are the ocular signs/symptoms of congenital rubella?
``` Microphthalmia Glaucoma Keratoconus Spherophakia Angle dysgenesis Salt and pepper fundus ```
29
What characterizes rubeola (Measles)?
Fever/cough Kplik's spots on conj mucosa (and other mucosa) Maculopapular rash
30
What ocular complication can be seen in measles?
Retinitis | Posterior uveitis
31
Chlamydia can cause what respiratory infection in adults?
Pneumonia
32
How is chlamydia transmitted?
Birds
33
What chlamydia strains are responsible for lymphogranuloma venerum?
L1 L2 L3
34
How does lymphogranuloma venerum start?
Small genital ulcer
35
Where can lymphogranuloma venerum invade and reproduce?
Regional lymph nodes
36
What may happen to lymph nodes in lymphogranuloma venerum?
Form large masses (buboes)
37
How is lymphogranuloma diagnosed?
Antibody
38
How is lymphogranuloma venerum treated?
Tetracycline | Erythromycin
39
Reactive arthritis has spondylarthropathy associated with what?
Skin ulcers of mouth and genitals | Keratoderma blennorrhagicum
40
What are the ocular signs/symptoms of neonatal conjunctivitis?
5-14 days post birth Mild conjunctivitis to severe mucopurulent with pseudo-membrane No follicles in neonates Tx with systemic therapy
41
What is the incubation of trachoma?
7 day
42
What are the ocular signs/symptoms of trachoma?
``` Chronic conjunctivitis Affects both eyes Conj hyperemia Eyelid edema Lacrimation Follicles 7-10 days Papillae form after follicles ```
43
What serotypes cause inclusion conjunctivitis?
Clhamydia D-K
44
What are the ocular signs/symptoms of inclusion conjunctivitis?
``` Mild mucopurulent discharge Usually unilateral Marked tarsal follicles Superior corneal opacities and pannus Inflamed tarsal plate PAN No response to topical Abx ```
45
Which gender is asymptomatic 50% of the time with gonorrhea?
Females
46
What is the typical male presentation of gonorrhea?
Urethral discharge | Dysuria
47
What are the signs/symptoms of ocular gonorrhea infection?
Hyper acute conjunctivitis Bilateral orbital edema Chemosis Conj papillae
48
Ocular gonorrhea has a high risk of what corneal complication?
Perforation - it penetrates intact epithelium
49
What agar is used to culture gonorrhea?
Blood or chocolate
50
What genes are typically positive in Bechet's?
HLA B51 | BLA B5
51
What are the major criteria for Behcet's?
Oral ulcers Genital ulcers Non-ulcerative skin lesions Ocular disease
52
What is the typical FA pattern in Behcet's?
Fern leaf (diffuse capillary leakage)
53
What is the number 1 cause of death associated with sarcoidosis?
Pulmonary insufficiency
54
Lupus Pernio is pathongnomonic of what?
Sarcoid
55
Lupus pernio has findings that resemble frost bite. Describe it.
Hard, indurated skin lesion
56
What are the ocular findings of Lupus pernio?
*Band K *Candle wax drippings KPs KCS ERM
57
What are the ocular findings of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada?
``` Sugiura's sign Bilat uveitis Iris depigmentation Mutton fat KPs, PAS Secondary glaucoma Complicated cataract Sunset glow fundus Dalen-Fuch's nodules ```
58
What is Sugiura's sign?
Perilimbal depigmentation
59
When does OIS occur?
After ipsilateral atherosclerotic carotid occlusive disease
60
What are the common ocular findings in OIS?
Iris neo Increased IOP Uveitis - PAS, AS
61
In bacterial endocarditis, what causes endothelial damage?
Underlying cardiac defect
62
In bacterial endocarditis, circulating bacteria adhere to what?
Fibrin-platelet and produce infective endocarditis
63
Osler's nodes are found in what disease?
Bacterial endocarditis
64
What are the common systemic findings of bacterial endocarditis?
``` Tissue infarction Vasculitis Strokes, brain abcess Meningitis Glomerulonephritis Osler's nodes Janeway's lesions Petechial hemes ```
65
What are the ocular findings of bacterial endocarditis?
Acute endophthalmitis Uveitis Roth spots
66
What is Milroy disease?
Primary, congenital lymphedema onset at birth
67
What is Meige disease?
Primary lymphedema onset after age 35
68
Where does T wave inversion appear?
Leads corresponding to site of infarct
69
If T wave inversion appears on the leads of one side, what may appear on the other side?
Reciprocal ST depression
70
Bradyarrhythmias are more common with what infarction?
Inferior (inferior brady)
71
Ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation are more common with what infarction?
Anteroseptal
72
What is more cardiac specific and sensitive than CK-MB?
Troponins T and I
73
What is the first marker to rise following myocardial damage?
Serum myoglobin
74
What are the important findings in rheumatic fever?
Carditis | Heart valve damage
75
What confirmation is needed for rheumatic fever?
Microbiologic with a throat culture or RADT
76
What are some ocular findings that may present during pregnancy?
Kruckenberg spindles | K-cone
77
What changes are occurring during days 20-56 after fertilization?
Oragnogenesis | Teratogenesis most likely
78
What major drug class is a known fetal teratogen?
ACE inhibitors
79
Poor control of gestational diabetes after 10 weeks leads to what?
Fetal macrosomia | Increased risk of pre-eclampsia
80
What are the ocular findings in severe eclapsia?
``` Segmental arteriolar vasospasm CWS Retinal heme Serous detachments Disc swelling ```

Systemic Disease (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions