1.1 Health Of The Individual & cardiovascular drift Flashcards
When does coronary heart disease occur
What is the process called
When the coronary arteries become blocked or start to narrow by a gradual build up of fatty deposits
This process is atherosclerosis and the fatty deposits are called atheroma
What can cause atherosclerosis
Hugh blood pressure
High levels of cholesterol
Lack of exercise
Smoking
What is angina
The pain and discomfort from the coronary arteries becoming narrow and being unable to deliver oxygen
What does high blood pressure do to the body
Puts extra strain on the arteries and heart and can lead to heart attacks or kidney diseases
What is LDL cholesterol
They transport cholesterol in the blood to the tissues and are classed as bad cholesterol
What is HDL cholesterol
Transport excess cholesterol in the blood back to the liver where it’s broken down
Classed as good cholesterol lower risk of heart disease
When does a stoke occur
When the blood supply to part of teh brain is cut off causing damage to brain cells
What are the 2 main types of stroke
Ischaemic strokes - blood clot stops bloody supply
Haemorrhagic strokes - weakened blood vessel supplying the brain bursts
What is cardiovascular drift
A progressive decrease in stroke volume and arterial blood pressure, together with a progressive rise in heart rate
Occurs during prolonged exercise in a warm environment
Why does cardiovascular drift occur
When we sweat a portion of the lost fluid volume comes from the plasma
Decrease in plasma volume will reduce venous return and stroke volume
So heart rate increases to compensate and maintain a higher cardiac output in an attempt to cool the body down
